Development of Portable Experimental Apparatus on Education of Polymer Physics

我们研制了一套课桌大小的聚合物物理实验装置，可以在短时间内进行各种实验。该装置由加热块和恒温箱组成，恒温箱的控制范围为室温至200℃。我们可以通过观察加热块上方的数字显微镜来研究各种聚合物的热性能，或者观察聚合物共混物的相分离行为和结晶聚合物的结晶行为，例如，在熔融温度以上加热熔化晶体，而在熔融温度以下冷却结晶。力学性能和光学性能可以通过配备在恒温烘箱中的专门设计的紧凑型拉伸机来评估；例如，可以通过快速拉伸试件来研究应力松弛行为，并且应变保持不变，而通过施加恒定应力来研究蠕变行为。通过观察两个偏振器下的干涉颜色，观察了应力松弛或蠕变过程中双折射的变化。为了在课堂上进行上述实验，我们编写了《聚合物物理实验实训》教材，供本科生和企业科研人员使用。利用网络摄像头和局域网构建了远程教学系统，有效地进行了课堂教学实验。

We developed a desk-size experimental apparatus of polymer physics in which one can carry and perform various experiments in lecture for a short time. The apparatus consist of heating block and constant-temperature oven controlled from room temperature to 200℃. We can investigate thermal property of various polymers, or observe phase separation behavior of polymer blends and crystallization behavior of crystalline polymers by observing digital microscope equipped above the heating block; e.g., crystals are melted by heating above the melting temperature while crystallization occurs by cooling below the melting temperature. Mechanical property and optical property can be estimated by the specially designed compact drawing machine equipped in the constant-temperature oven ; e.g., stress relaxation behavior can be investigated by stretching the specimen quickly and the strain remains constant while creep behavior is investigated by applying constant stress. The change of the birefringence during the stress relaxation or creep is also observed by observing the interference colors under two polarizers. In order to perform the above experiments in lecture, we prepare a textbook "Training of Experiment on Polymer Physics" which is instrumental for undergraduate students and corporate researchers. The remote learning system is also constructed by using an internet camera and local area network to perform the experiments in lecture efficiently.