Study of the cleaning for managing the maintenance of the residence

住宅维修管理中清洁工作的研究

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    16500476
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 0.45万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    日本
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助国家:
    日本
  • 起止时间:
    2004 至 2005
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The cleaning of a residence is a basic work that is important not only for enjoying beautiful and clean life, but also for managing the maintenance of the residence though routine checking and minor repairing inside and outside the house by the hands of the dweller. In recent years, however, although the life extension of housing is challenged, housing itself as well as living style have widely changed, which has reduced the intensity and frequency of cleaning. This study aimed to clarify what kinds of techniques residents used and how these techniques have been transferred up to now. For these purposes, the author collected articles in monthly magazines published since the Meiji Era, and grasped the actual state of the maintenance management of housing and awareness on housing mainly on cleaning in traditional residential districts, in order to clarify changes due to the age, cleaning tools, and approaches. The author also clarified the techniques useful for the future maintenance man … More agement of housing, as well as the matters that should be took over in modern life as living culture.(1)Cleaning observed in monthly magazines :The monthly magazines chosen as the objects are "Jutaku (residence)" and "Fujinnotomo (friend of housewives)." The former covers 28 years since the launch in 1916 up to the closing in 1943, and the latter covers 81 years since the launch in 1908 up to the end of the Showa Era in 1988. The author collected articles related to the maintenance management mainly on cleaning, and analyzed the described contents.Collected articles are 64 articles from "Fujinnotomo" and 42 articles from "Jutaku." The following trends were found in "Fujinnotomo." (1)In middle-class households, persons in charge of cleaning shifted from maids to housewives. (2)The cleaning places in the house were mainly living rooms, and before the popularization of vacuum cleaners, the cleaning in the order of dusting, sweeping and wet-rag wiping was repeated before breakfast every days. Focus was placed on beautifully polishing the house. (3) Cleaning in the magazine was written from the viewpoint of emphasizing the management of time and labor, and focus was placed on cordially spending daily life, and beautifully and cleanly living in the house. The following was found in "Jutaku." (4)Rational methods to reduce labor costs were sought, such as using vacuum cleaners in place of hiring maids(2)Domestic cleaning in traditional residences :The areas chosen as the objects of surveying were major traditional building preservation districts such as Mino City, Gifu Prefecture, Tondabayashi City, Osaka Prefecture, and Fukiya in Takahasi City, Okayama Prefecture, as well as Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto City, where traditional living habits strongly remained. The survey was conducted on totally 14 households during 1985-1987. The survey results ware as follows. (1)Daily cleaning was carried out mainly on daily used rooms, and the span of daily cleaning area tended to decrease. As the tools, not only vacuum cleaners, but also lightweight familiar brooms, dusters, and rags were continuously used. Except for "Kadohaki (house-front cleaning)" in Kyoto, cleanings for 10-90 min were carried out after breakfast. Husbands and wives often cooperated. (2)Domestic cleaning was considered to be a duty and the use of outside labor was never thought of. (3)Since the interior and exterior lumbers of the surveyed houses were made of solid lumbers, habitual cleaning that continued from the newly-built age generated the luster of lumber, which made it easy to remove stains. The appearance of carefully living houses made us feel the importance of the succession of lifestyle habits. Less
住宅的清洁是一项基本工作,不仅对享受美丽和清洁的生活很重要,而且通过住户的双手对住宅内外进行日常检查和小修,对住宅的维护管理也很重要。然而,近年来,尽管房屋的寿命延长受到挑战,但房屋本身以及生活方式发生了广泛的变化,这降低了清洁的强度和频率。本研究的目的是阐明居民使用了哪些技术以及这些技术到目前为止是如何转移的。为此,笔者收集了明治时代以来出版的月刊文章,掌握了传统住宅区中以清洁为主的住宅维护管理和住宅意识的现状,以明确由于时代、清洁工具和方法而发生的变化。并阐明了可供今后维修人员参考的技术 ...更多信息 住房的概念,以及在现代生活中应该作为生活文化接管的事项。(1)在月刊中观察到的清洁:选择作为对象的月刊是“Jutaku(住宅)”和“Fujinotomo(家庭主妇的朋友)”。“前者涵盖自1916年启动至1943年结束的28年,后者涵盖自1908年启动至1988年昭和时代结束的81年。笔者收集了以清洁为主要内容的维护管理相关文章,并对所描述的内容进行了分析。以下趋势被发现在“富士之友“。“(1)在中产阶级家庭中,负责打扫卫生的人从女佣变成了家庭主妇。(2)家中的清洁场所主要是客厅,在吸尘器普及之前,每天早餐前都要重复除尘、扫地、湿抹布擦拭的顺序进行清洁。重点放在漂亮地抛光房子。(3)杂志中的清洁是从强调时间和劳动管理的观点出发撰写的,重点是亲切地度过日常生活,以及美丽和干净地生活在房子里。以下是在“Jutaku”中找到的。(4)寻找减少劳动力成本的合理方法,如使用吸尘器代替雇佣女佣。(2)传统住宅的家庭清洁:调查对象选择了传统生活习惯保留较强的岐阜县美浓市、大坂县富田林市、冈山县高桥市的吹屋以及京都市中京区等主要传统建筑保护区。1985-1987年共调查了14个家庭。调查结果如下。(1)日常清洁主要集中在日常使用的房间,日常清洁区域的跨度有减少的趋势。作为工具,不仅是吸尘器,还有轻便的扫帚、掸子和抹布。除了京都的“Kadohaki(屋前清洁)”外,早餐后进行10-90分钟的清洁。丈夫和妻子经常合作。(2)家庭清洁被认为是一种义务,从未想过使用外部劳动力。(3)由于被调查房屋的内部和外部木材是由实心木材制成的,从新建时代开始持续的习惯性清洁产生了木材的光泽,这使得很容易去除污渍。精居的出现,让我们感受到生活习惯传承的重要性。少

项目成果

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FUJITA Ryoko其他文献

FUJITA Ryoko的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('FUJITA Ryoko', 18)}}的其他基金

The Fundamental Investigation on External Development of Control Guideline of Managements of Durable Cosumer Goods
耐用消费品管理控制方针对外发展的根本探讨
  • 批准号:
    07680023
  • 财政年份:
    1995
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.45万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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