The elucidation of the historical trend of the anthropogenic pollution in Kinki area after the Meiji era using aquatic sediment.

利用近海水域沉积物，研究了近海地区人为重金属污染的历史趋势。岩心样品采集在琵琶湖、大阪湾、大中堡护城河和城市水库。岩心样品以1-2 cm的厚度切开。样品在60-70℃干燥，然后用玛瑙砂浆研磨。用荧光X-射线光谱法同时测定了21种主量元素和微量元素。汞的测定采用加热汽化-原子吸收光谱法。岩心年代学采用放射性测年方法，分别使用^&lt；210&gt；铅和^&lt；137&gt；Cs。采用高纯锗探测器与4096道多道分析仪联用，对沉积物中~(210)Pb和~(137)Cs的活度进行了伽马能谱分析，通过对岩心沉积物中重金属浓度变化的分析，阐明了近木地区重金属污染的历史趋势。当地的污染被记录在…中大阪城堡护城河和城市水库泥沙较多。在大阪湾的沉积物中观察到了来自凯罕神区集水区的历史污染剖面。琵琶湖沉积物中人为重金属的来源似乎来自其集水区，似乎是从凯罕申地区的大气输送来的，所有沉积物样品都受到了工业活动中人类排放到环境中的铬、镍、铜、锌、汞和铅等重金属的污染。沉积物的重金属污染始于明治维新之后，一直持续到现在。重金属元素浓度在1900年S时期迅速上升，1970年达到最大值。然而，琵琶湖汞污染的高峰出现在1960年。用苯提取的有机汞化合物在沉积物的1960年代的S层中被检测到。从水圈底层沉积物中重金属污染的历史趋势，厘清了明治时代以来近海地区人类活动与人为环境污染的关系。较少

The historical trend of anthropogenic heavy metal pollution in Kinki area was studied using the aquatic sediment. The core sediment samples were collected in Lake Biwa, Osaka Bay, Odaka Castle moat and urban reservoir. The core sample was cut off at 1-2cm thicknesses. The sample dried at 60-70℃, then it was ground using the agate mortar. Simultaneous determination of major and trace elements of 21 was determined by the fluorescent X-ray spectrometry. The mercury was determined by the heating vaporization-atomic absorption spectrometry. The core chronology was constructed by radiometric dating using ^<210>Pb and ^<137>Cs. The activities of 210Pb and 137Cs in sediments were analyzed by gamma spectrometry using HPGe detector coupled to a 4096 channel multichannel analyzer.From the results of analyses of the concentration-change of heavy metals recorded at the core sediments, the historical trend of heavy metal pollution in Kinki area was clarified. The local pollution was recorded in the … More sediment of Osaka Castle moat and urban reservoir. The historical pollution profile, which flowed from the catchment area in the Keihanshin district, was observed in the Osaka Bay sediments. The source of anthropogenic heavy metals in the Lake Biwa sediment seemed to flow from its catchment area, and it seemed to have been carried by the atmospheric transport from Keihanshin district.All sediment samples have been contaminated in the heavy metals such as chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, mercury and lead anthropogenically discharged to the environment in industrial activity. The heavy metal pollution of the sediment begins after the Meiji restoration, and it continues by the present. Concentrations of heavy metals rapidly increased in 1900's, and the maximum values are shown in 1970. However, the peak of the mercury contamination in Lake Biwa appeared in 1960. The organic mercury compound extracted with benzene was detected in the 1960's layer of the sediment. Therefore, it was estimated that there were mercuric pesticides that the source of mercury contamination in Lake Biwa in the generation was sprayed over the paddy field in the circumference this time.From the historical trend of the heavy metal contamination recorded in bottom sediment of the hydrosphere, the relationship between human activity and anthropogenic environmental pollution in Kinki area after Meiji era was clarified. Less