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The elucidation of the historical trend of the anthropogenic pollution in Kinki area after the Meiji era using aquatic sediment.

利用水生沉积物阐明明治时代后近畿地区人为污染的历史趋势。

基本信息

批准号：
16510012
负责人：
YAMAZAKI Hideo
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Kinki University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The historical trend of anthropogenic heavy metal pollution in Kinki area was studied using the aquatic sediment. The core sediment samples were collected in Lake Biwa, Osaka Bay, Odaka Castle moat and urban reservoir. The core sample was cut off at 1-2cm thicknesses. The sample dried at 60-70℃, then it was ground using the agate mortar. Simultaneous determination of major and trace elements of 21 was determined by the fluorescent X-ray spectrometry. The mercury was determined by the heating vaporization-atomic absorption spectrometry. The core chronology was constructed by radiometric dating using ^<210>Pb and ^<137>Cs. The activities of 210Pb and 137Cs in sediments were analyzed by gamma spectrometry using HPGe detector coupled to a 4096 channel multichannel analyzer.From the results of analyses of the concentration-change of heavy metals recorded at the core sediments, the historical trend of heavy metal pollution in Kinki area was clarified. The local pollution was recorded in the … More sediment of Osaka Castle moat and urban reservoir. The historical pollution profile, which flowed from the catchment area in the Keihanshin district, was observed in the Osaka Bay sediments. The source of anthropogenic heavy metals in the Lake Biwa sediment seemed to flow from its catchment area, and it seemed to have been carried by the atmospheric transport from Keihanshin district.All sediment samples have been contaminated in the heavy metals such as chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, mercury and lead anthropogenically discharged to the environment in industrial activity. The heavy metal pollution of the sediment begins after the Meiji restoration, and it continues by the present. Concentrations of heavy metals rapidly increased in 1900's, and the maximum values are shown in 1970. However, the peak of the mercury contamination in Lake Biwa appeared in 1960. The organic mercury compound extracted with benzene was detected in the 1960's layer of the sediment. Therefore, it was estimated that there were mercuric pesticides that the source of mercury contamination in Lake Biwa in the generation was sprayed over the paddy field in the circumference this time.From the historical trend of the heavy metal contamination recorded in bottom sediment of the hydrosphere, the relationship between human activity and anthropogenic environmental pollution in Kinki area after Meiji era was clarified. Less

利用水生沉积物研究了近畿地区人为重金属污染的历史趋势。岩芯沉积物样品采集于琵琶湖、大阪湾、小高城护城河和城市水库。将岩心样品切成1-2cm的厚度。将样品在60-70℃下干燥，然后用玛瑙研钵研磨。采用荧光X射线光谱法同时测定21种主量元素和微量元素。汞的测定采用加热汽化-原子吸收光谱法。使用^ 210 Pb和^ 137 Cs通过放射性测年构建核心年代学。利用HPGe探测器与4096通道多道分析仪结合，采用伽马能谱法对沉积物中210Pb和137Cs的活度进行了分析。通过对岩芯沉积物记录的重金属浓度变化分析结果，明确了近畿地区重金属污染的历史趋势。大阪城护城河和城市水库的沉积物中记录了当地的污染情况。在大阪湾沉积物中观察到从京阪神区集水区流出的历史污染剖面。琵琶湖沉积物中的人为重金属来源似乎是从其集水区流出的，并且似乎是通过京阪神地区的大气输送携带的。所有沉积物样品均受到工业活动中人为排放到环境中的铬、镍、铜、锌、汞和铅等重金属的污染。沉积物的重金属污染始于明治维新后，并持续至今。 1900年代重金属浓度迅速上升，1970年达到最大值。然而，琵琶湖汞污染的峰值出现在1960年。在1960年代的沉积物层中检测到用苯提取的有机汞化合物。因此，推测本次琵琶湖汞污染源头中含有汞类杀虫剂，并喷洒在周边稻田上。从水圈底部沉积物记录的重金属污染历史趋势，阐明了明治时代后近畿地区人类活动与人为环境污染的关系。较少的

项目成果

期刊论文数量（52）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

大阪湾における人為汚染と底生有孔虫群集変化 : 有孔虫に基づく人間活動が及ぼした閉鎖性海域の影響評価

大阪湾底栖有孔虫群落的人为污染与变化：基于有孔虫的人类活动对封闭海域的影响评价

DOI：
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
第15回環境地質学シンポジウム論文集
影响因子：
0
作者：
Keisuke;Tashiro;Yoshinori;Kodama;小玉芳敬;山崎秀夫他;Hideo Yamazaki et al.;山崎秀夫他;Hiroshi Moriwaki et al.;Moriaki Yasuhara;佐藤圭輔他;辻本彰他
通讯作者：
辻本彰他

大阪城堀堆積物から見た過去約100年間の重金属汚染の歴史

从大阪城堀矿床看过去100年的重金属污染史

DOI：
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
第四紀研究 43・4
影响因子：
0
作者：
H.Moriwaki;K.Katahira;O.Yamamoto;J.Fukuyama;T.Kamiura;H.Yamazaki;S.Yoshikawa;稲野伸哉他
通讯作者：
稲野伸哉他

The impact of 150 years of anthropogenic pollution on the shallow marine ostracode fauna, Osaka Bay, Japan

150年的人为污染对日本大阪湾浅海介形类动物群的影响

DOI：
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
Marine Micropaleontology 55
影响因子：
0
作者：
Keisuke;Tashiro;Yoshinori;Kodama;小玉芳敬;山崎秀夫他;Hideo Yamazaki et al.;山崎秀夫他;Hiroshi Moriwaki et al.;Moriaki Yasuhara
通讯作者：
Moriaki Yasuhara

Analysis of the historical trend of heavy metal-pollution recorded in the pond sediment core at Oki Islands on the Japan Sea coast

日本海沿岸隐岐群岛池塘沉积物核心记录重金属污染历史趋势分析

DOI：
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
Bunseki Kagaku Vol.53
影响因子：
0
作者：
H.Moriwaki;K.Katahira;O.Yamamoto;J.Fukuyama;T.Kamiura;H.Yamazaki;S.Yoshikawa;稲野伸哉他;Yoshihisa Suzuki;Hideo Yamazaki et al.;村本桂久;山崎秀夫他;Hiroyuki.Matsuoka;石竹美帆他;Toshiaki Arao;Miho Ishitake et al.;Yoshihisa Muramoto;Hideo Yamazaki et al.
通讯作者：
Hideo Yamazaki et al.

隠岐男池堆積物に記録された重金属汚染の歴史トレンドの解析

冲池沉积物记录的重金属污染历史趋势分析

DOI：
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
分析化学 53・12
影响因子：
0
作者：
H.Moriwaki;K.Katahira;O.Yamamoto;J.Fukuyama;T.Kamiura;H.Yamazaki;S.Yoshikawa;稲野伸哉他;Yoshihisa Suzuki;Hideo Yamazaki et al.;村本桂久;山崎秀夫他
通讯作者：
山崎秀夫他