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Evaluation of the influence of acid deposition on ecosystems in Cryptomeria japonica forests in snowy mountainous areas adjacent to the Sea of Japan

酸沉降对日本海雪山柳杉林生态系统影响评价

基本信息

批准号：
16510020
负责人：
NAKATA Makoto
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Niigata University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. The deposition amounts (DAs) of inorganic constituents in a Cryptomeria japonica forest were investigated by measuring throughfall (TF) and stemflow (SF) chemistry at different slope positions in Niigata Prefecture. The total DAs at the upper, mid-, and lower slopes were 2.35, 2.40, and 1.70 times higher than that from rainfall, respectively. Deposition of most inorganic constituents, particularly those originating from sea salts, was higher significantly at the upper slope than the lower slope, which may have been due to materials transported by wind. Mean wind velocity at the nearest weather station showed a more significant positive correlation with the DAs (except for K^+ and nitrogen compounds), particularly for those originating from sea salts, than precipitation amount in the study area, especially at higher slope positions.2. The DAs of NH_4^+ and K^+ from TF+SF might have a large effect on canopy interactions. The contact angle (CA) of water droplets on the C japonica leaves decreased with leaf aging, suggesting that surface wettability increases with leaf age. The K^+ concentration in TF was negatively correlated with the CA of one-year-old leaves, while the NH_4^+ concentration was positively correlated with the CA. The net DAs of NH_4^+ and NO_3^-from TF were positively correlated with the CA. The increase in leaf surface wettability may accelerate leaching of K^+ or uptake of nitrogen compounds on the forest canopy.3. Stream water chemistry was compared between neighboring C japonica evergreen coniferous (CFs) and deciduous broad-leaved forests (BFs). The stream water chemistry was characterized by extremely high concentrations of Cl-and Na^+, which were thought to be mostly derived from sea salts. Acid shock was evident from late February to mid-March when the weather improved following cold snowy days in this snowy temperate region. This tendency was clearer in BFs than in CFs due to the different snowmelt patterns between the two forest types.

1.通过测定日本柳杉林不同坡位的穿透水和树干茎流化学，研究了柳杉林无机组分的沉积量。上、中、下坡的总DA分别是降雨的2.35、2.40和1.70倍。大多数无机成分的沉积，特别是那些来自海盐，是高显着在上坡比下坡，这可能是由于风输送的材料。最近气象站的平均风速与研究区的DAs（除K^+和氮化合物外），特别是来自海盐的DAs的正相关性比降水量更显著，尤其是在较高的坡位. TF+SF中NH_4^+和K^+的DA可能对冠层相互作用有很大影响。随着叶龄的增加，水滴在山茶叶片上的接触角逐渐减小，表明山茶叶片表面润湿性逐渐增强。TF中K^+浓度与一年生叶片CA呈负相关，NH_4^+浓度与CA呈正相关。TF中NH_4^+和NO_3^-的净DA与CA呈正相关。叶片表面润湿性的增加可能加速了K^+的淋溶或氮化合物的吸收.比较了相邻万年青针叶林和落叶阔叶林的溪流水化学特征。溪流的化学特征是Cl-和Na^+浓度极高，人们认为它们主要来自海盐。二月下旬至三月中旬，当这个多雪的温带地区在寒冷的雪天后天气好转时，酸休克明显。由于两种森林类型之间不同的融雪模式，这种趋势在BF中比在CF中更明显。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（14）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Seasonal trends of deposition amounts and possible regulating factors in a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria Japonica) forest

日本柳杉林沉积量的季节变化及可能的调节因素

DOI：
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
7^<th> International Conference on Acid Deposition, Conference Abstract (Prague, Czech Republic)
影响因子：
0
作者：
Sase;H.;Takahashi;A.;Sato;M.;Kobayashi;H.;Nakata;M.;Totsuka;T.
通讯作者：
T.

新潟県における陸水pHの長期的変動と酸性雨(雪)との関係

新泻县陆地水pH值长期变化与酸雨(雪)的关系

DOI：
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
第53回日本生態学会大会講演要旨集
影响因子：
0
作者：
森元伸吾;穂積祐;植田洋匡;中田誠
通讯作者：
中田誠

Seasonal trends of elemental flux in a forested catchment near the Sea of Japan

日本海附近森林流域元素通量的季节性趋势

DOI：
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
The 6th Conference of East Asia and Pacific Regional Network of ILTER
影响因子：
0
作者：
Kamisako;M.;Sase;H.;Takahashi;A.;Matsui;T.;Suzuki;H.;Nakata;M.;Oida;T.;Totsuka;T.
通讯作者：
T.

Seasonal fluctuation of stream water chemistry and its relation to forest types in a snowy temperate region Japan

日本雪温带地区河流水化学的季节性波动及其与森林类型的关系