Collaborative Research: Drought Effects on Moist Tropical Forests: A Throughfall Reduction Experiment in Amazonia

合作研究：干旱对潮湿热带森林的影响：亚马逊流域的渗透减少实验

• 批准号: 0212857
• 负责人: Daniel Markewitz
• 金额: $ 6.62万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0212857&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Drought; Effects; Moist

Tropical rainforests in the Amazon Basin and elsewhere are experiencing stronger droughts as El Nino episodes become more frequent and more severe. How will this drying trend affect these species-rich tropical ecosystems? We initiated the world's first large-scale rainfall manipulation experiment in a tropical rainforest in 1998, partially excluding rainfall from a one-hectare forest area in central Amazonia. We discovered that the growth of tree trunks is very sensitive to drought, as is forest flammability. During the next five years, we will determine the level of drought stress that this rainforest can tolerate before tree flowering and fruiting begin to fail, and large trees begin to die. We will then release the forest from experimental drought to document the mechanisms and rates of forest recovery. It is already clear that drought effects on tree growth and tree mortality may contribute substantially to the carbon dioxide concentration of the atmosphere.

随着厄尔尼诺现象变得更加频繁和严重，亚马逊盆地和其他地方的热带雨林正在经历更严重的干旱。 这种干燥趋势将如何影响这些物种丰富的热带生态系统？ 1998年，我们在热带雨林中发起了世界上第一个大规模的降雨操纵实验，部分排除了亚马逊河流域中部一公顷森林地区的降雨。 我们发现树干的生长对干旱非常敏感，森林的可燃性也是如此。 在接下来的五年里，我们将确定这片雨林在树木开花和结果开始失败以及大树开始死亡之前所能承受的干旱压力水平。 然后，我们将从实验性干旱中释放森林，以记录森林恢复的机制和速度。 已经很清楚，干旱对树木生长和死亡的影响可能大大增加了大气中二氧化碳的浓度。