Archeological Studies of the diversification of the Fishermen after the Kofun Age

古坟时代后渔民多样化的考古研究

• 批准号: 16520466
• 负责人: YAMAMURA Kiyoshi
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: Rikkyo University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16520466/
• 关键词: fisherman; fishing technology; kaijin; ama; whaling; harpoon; 海民; 家舟; アマ; 海女; 蝦夷; 贄; 夷俘; 製塩; 交易

In this research I could clarify the fishing people's activities and their historical roles since the Kofun Age in the northwest Kyushu area and the East Japan Pacific Ocean shore.When advancing to the Korean peninsula by the Japanese royal prerogative in the 5th century, it is presumed that the fishing people in the Kanto region participated as a marine corps. Furthermore, they participated as a arine corps in the conquest activity to "Emishi" in the Tohoku region from the 7th century afterwards. Taga-Castle was established in the 8th century, and the fishing people of the area engaged in Nie or "Offering" of marine foods for ceremonies at the castle and in salt manufacture for the castle. The salt was also needed in the military campaigns for the Emishi. Moreover, it is thought that the fishermen were enlisted in the military campaign for more northern areas along the sea from Taga-Castle.It was confirmed that some fishermen activity intended for sea animals and large-scale fishes in the northwest Kyushu since the Jomon Age and that they were playing the role as the trade people. Their appearances with such a role became clearer when entering Yayoi Age. They were also the dive-fishing people who come to be called the ama. In addition, they developed as a full-time tribute group since the Kofun age. At the same time whaling groups also developed. Such the fishing and whaling groups played an important role in the trade and the campaign against Korea. They seem to be the ancestors of the people known as "Pirate" or "Wakoh" in the Middle Age, and the whalers and the boat-people in the Early Modern Age.

通过本研究，可以明确古坟时代以来九州西北部和东日本太平洋海岸的渔民活动及其历史作用。据推测，在世纪，日本皇家利用特权向朝鲜半岛推进时，关东地区的渔民以海军陆战队的形式参加了这一活动。此外，他们还作为一支海上部队参加了世纪以后对东北地区“士”的征服活动。塔贺城堡建于世纪，该地区的渔民在城堡举行的仪式上从事“提供”海洋食品和为城堡制造盐。盐也需要在军事活动中为安西。此外，据推测，渔民们被征召参加了从多贺城向沿着的北方地区的军事行动。据确认，从绳文时代开始，在九州西北部就有一些渔民从事以海洋动物和大型鱼类为目的的活动，他们扮演着贸易人的角色。在进入弥生时代后，这种角色的出现更加清晰。他们也是潜水捕鱼的人，后来被称为ama。此外，自古坟时代以来，他们发展成为一个全职的贡品团体。与此同时，捕鲸团体也在发展。这些捕鱼和捕鲸团体在贸易和反朝运动中发挥了重要作用。他们似乎是中世纪被称为“海盗”或“Wakoh”的人的祖先，以及近代早期的捕鲸人和船民。

项目成果

北方世界からの視点:論文名「続縄文文化における弥生的文化的諸相」

来自北方世界的视角：论文标题：“继承绳文文化中的弥生文化”

• 发表时间: 2004
• 作者: 一支國研究会(編);山浦 清;山浦 清(分担執筆);海交史研究会:山浦 清;山浦 清;山浦 清(分担執筆);佐藤隆広君追悼論集刊行委員会:山浦 清
• 通讯作者: 佐藤隆広君追悼論集刊行委員会:山浦 清

メルヴィル・レザーノフ・間宮林蔵

梅尔维尔·雷扎诺夫/间宫林三

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 日本学研究所年報 5
• 作者: Said Suleiman Bakari;Said Ali Vuai;A. Tokuyama;江川 温;SHIMIZU Ryo;定延利之;山浦清
• 通讯作者: 山浦清

日本捕鯨の黎明期と壱岐「北海道及びその北方地域における海獣狩猟の様相」

日本捕鲸和壹岐的早期“北海道及其北部地区海洋哺乳动物狩猎的方面”

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: 一支國研究会(編);山浦 清
• 通讯作者: 山浦 清

北方世界からの視点

北方世界的视角

• 发表时间: 2004
• 作者: 一支國研究会(編);山浦 清;山浦 清(分担執筆);海交史研究会:山浦 清;山浦 清;山浦 清(分担執筆)
• 通讯作者: 山浦 清(分担執筆)

Melvill, Rezanov and Mamiya Rinzyou

梅尔维尔、雷扎诺夫和玛米亚林佐

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Rikkyo Institute of Japanese Studies Annual Report No.5
• 作者: 朝治啓三;中村敦子;Keizo Asaji;Keizo Asaji;Keizo Asaji;KiyoshiYamaura (joint work);山浦 清;Kiyoshi Yamaura
• 通讯作者: Kiyoshi Yamaura