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STUDY ON ECONOMIC EFFECT OF PROJECTS IN MUNICIPALITIES WHERE U.S. MILITARY BASES LOCATE

美军基地所在城市项目经济效应研究

基本信息

批准号：
16530212
负责人：
KAWASE Mitsuyoshi
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SHIZUOKA
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16530212/
关键词：
PROJECTS IN MUNICIPALITIES W ECONOMIC STIMULAS PR TRINITY REFORM HERE U.S. MILITARY BASES LOCAT OJECTS IN NORTHERN AREA E

项目摘要

The fiscal policy to maintain the U.S. military bases brought the following result. First, Okinawa Prefecture and municipalities have the weakest financial power in Japan. Second, some municipalities hosting bases have a high degree of dependence on fiscal expenditure of the central government.Particularly, in Nago City that has a site of the relocation of Futenma Air Base, many kinds of funds related to the bases increases rapidly recently. Third, in spite of a large sum of fiscal expenditure which aimed at the economic recovery, the economical situation of Nago City hasn't improved. Besides, the fiscal condition of Nago City becomes worse.Nago city is also the biggest beneficiary of a 100 billion stimulus plan for northern Okinawa. Japanese government funds related to the bases have jumped from comprising 6.5% of the Nago municipal budget in FY1996 to 29.4% in FY2001. In spite of the massive influx of money, the goal of solving economic depression has not been achieved. Instead, the injection of large amounts of public funding into costly construction projects have resulted in a huge increase in local government bonds outstanding. The figure was 1.6 times larger than general revenue resource, such as local taxes and local allocation tax, in FY1994. After that, it steadily increased to 2.2 times in FY2003. In addition, if the relocation of Futenma Air Base to Henoko is fulfilled, it will be expected to bring serious environmental disruption.On the other hand, moral hazard in the fiscal management has been spreading in some municipalities. For example, Irabu town assembly resolved the invitation of the Self-Defense Force two years ago. Its purpose is getting a large sum of central government expenditure like Nago City.

维持美军基地的财政政策带来了以下结果。首先，冲绳县和市町村的财力是日本最弱的。其次，一些基地所在地市对中央财政支出依赖程度较高。特别是在普天间空军基地搬迁所在地的名护市，近期与基地相关的多种资金迅速增加。第三，尽管为了恢复经济而投入了大量的财政支出，但名护市的经济状况并没有得到改善。此外，名护市的财政状况也日益恶化。名护市也是冲绳北部千亿刺激计划的最大受益者。日本政府与基地有关的资金占名护市预算的比例从1996财年的6.5%跃升至2001财年的29.4%。尽管资金大量涌入，但解决经济萧条的目标并没有达到。相反，大量公共资金注入成本高昂的建设项目，导致地方政府债券余额大幅增加。这个数字是1994财年地方税和地方分配税等一般收入资源的1.6倍。此后，该比率稳步上升至2003财年的2.2倍。此外，如果普天间空军基地迁至边野古的计划得以实现，预计将带来严重的环境破坏。另一方面，一些城市财政管理中的道德风险正在蔓延。例如，伊良部町议会两年前就决定了自卫队的邀请。其目的是像名护市一样获得大笔的中央财政支出。