STUDY ON ECONOMIC EFFECT OF PROJECTS IN MUNICIPALITIES WHERE U.S. MILITARY BASES LOCATE

维持美军基地的财政政策带来了以下结果。首先，冲绳县和各市的财政实力在日本是最弱的。二是部分基地市对中央财政支出的依赖程度较高。特别是在普天间空军基地迁址所在地名护市，最近与基地有关的各种资金迅速增加。第三，尽管政府投入了大量的财政支出来恢复经济，但名护市的经济状况并没有得到改善。此外，名护市的财政状况也在恶化。名护市也是冲绳北部1000亿美元经济刺激计划的最大受益者。与基地相关的日本政府资金已从1996财年占名护市预算的6.5%跃升至2001财年的29.4%。尽管大量资金涌入，但解决经济萧条的目标尚未实现。相反，向成本高昂的建设项目注入大量公共资金，导致地方政府未偿债券大幅增加。这一数字是1994财政年度地方税和地方分配税等一般收入资源的1.6倍。此后稳步增长至2003财年的2.2倍。此外，如果普天间空军基地搬迁到边野古，预计将带来严重的环境破坏。另一方面，财政管理中的道德风险也在一些城市蔓延。例如，伊拉克市议会在两年前就决定了自卫队的邀请。它的目的是像名护市一样获得大量的中央政府支出。

The fiscal policy to maintain the U.S. military bases brought the following result. First, Okinawa Prefecture and municipalities have the weakest financial power in Japan. Second, some municipalities hosting bases have a high degree of dependence on fiscal expenditure of the central government.Particularly, in Nago City that has a site of the relocation of Futenma Air Base, many kinds of funds related to the bases increases rapidly recently. Third, in spite of a large sum of fiscal expenditure which aimed at the economic recovery, the economical situation of Nago City hasn't improved. Besides, the fiscal condition of Nago City becomes worse.Nago city is also the biggest beneficiary of a 100 billion stimulus plan for northern Okinawa. Japanese government funds related to the bases have jumped from comprising 6.5% of the Nago municipal budget in FY1996 to 29.4% in FY2001. In spite of the massive influx of money, the goal of solving economic depression has not been achieved. Instead, the injection of large amounts of public funding into costly construction projects have resulted in a huge increase in local government bonds outstanding. The figure was 1.6 times larger than general revenue resource, such as local taxes and local allocation tax, in FY1994. After that, it steadily increased to 2.2 times in FY2003. In addition, if the relocation of Futenma Air Base to Henoko is fulfilled, it will be expected to bring serious environmental disruption.On the other hand, moral hazard in the fiscal management has been spreading in some municipalities. For example, Irabu town assembly resolved the invitation of the Self-Defense Force two years ago. Its purpose is getting a large sum of central government expenditure like Nago City.