The study of the method of grasping a self as narrative

本研究的目的是通过采用自我叙事方法来理解自我叙事背景下的自我认同（Enomoto,2002）。这种方法是从自我叙事心理学的角度发展起来的，假设自我认同以自我叙事的形式保存（Enomoto, 1999；2004等）。首先，对自我叙事方法的方法论进行了考察；其次，收集不同年龄组的自我叙述数据；第三，研究了自我叙事方法的重要组成部分——讲自我故事的重要性的理论框架。在一年内对青少年组、中年组和老年组进行4次连续半结构化自我叙述访谈（Enomoto,2002;2004）。与自我认同有关的问卷(即在第一次和最后一次访谈中使用了“生活态度量表”（Enomoto,2004）、“对过去的态度量表”（Enomoto & Yokoi,2000）……更多的“自尊量表”（Yamamoto, Matsui, and Yamanari, 1982）和“多维自我认同量表”（Tani,2001），并将这些自我相关量表的结果与从叙事方法中获得的数据进行比较，以确定定性方法的优势。基于叙事数据，对自我叙事方法作为一种检验自我认同的手段进行了方法学调查。得到了以下结果：首先，证实了按连续顺序追溯主要事件的记忆，从最初的记忆到婴儿期、童年和现在，是一个有效的程序；其次，确定了讲故事的典型模式（Enomoto,2004）；第三，在上述叙事模式的基础上，通过自我叙事分析，试图把握个体身份的特征；最后，与问卷调查的结果相比，自我叙述法可以更全面地理解自我认同。本研究证实了自我叙事方法的有效性，并支持了根据记忆事件的时间顺序来定义自我叙事的语境是评估自我同一性的方法，从而验证了自我叙事心理学的有效性。少

The objective of the present study was to understand self-identity in the context of the self-narrative by adopting the self-narrative method (Enomoto,2002). This method was developed from the standpoint of self-narrative psychology, under the assumption that self-identity is preserved in the form of self-narrative (Enomoto, 1999;2004 et al.). First, the methodology of the self-narrative method was examined ; second, self-narrative data from different age groups were accumulated ; and third, the theoretical framework concerning the significance of telling a story about one's self, an essential component in applying the self narrative method, was investigated. Consecutive semi-structured self-narrative interviews (Enomoto,2002;2004) were performed 4 times within a year to the adolescent group, the middle-age group, and the old-age group. Questionnaires related to self-identity (i.e. "Attitude Towards Life Scale" (Enomoto,2004), "Attitude Towards One's Past Scale" (Enomoto & Yokoi,2000), … More "Self-Esteem Scale" (Yamamoto, Matsui, and Yamanari, 1982), and the "Multidimensional Ego Identity Scale" (Tani,2001)) were administered during the first and last interviews, and the results of these self-related scales were compared to the data obtained from the narrative method to identify the advantages of the qualitative approach.A methodological investigation of the self-narrative method as a means to examine self-identity was pursued based on the narrative data. The following results were obtained. First, it was confirmed that tracing the recollections of major episodes in successive order, starting from the initial memory towards infancy, childhood and the present, is a valid procedure ; second, typical patterns of story-telling (Enomoto,2004) were identified ; third, attempts were made to grasp the characteristics of the individual identity through self-narrative analysis based on the story-telling patterns mentioned above ; and lastly, it was confirmed that the self-narrative method enables a more comprehensive understanding of self-identity compared to the results obtained by questionnaires.This study confirms the validity of the self-narrative method, and supports the view that defining the context of the self-narrative according to the chronological order of the recollected episodes is the way to assess self-identity, thus verifying the validity of self-narrative psychology. Less