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Empirical Study on the Changing Youth Labour Markets and the Transition from School to Work in Britain

英国青年劳动力市场变化和从学校到工作过渡的实证研究

基本信息

批准号：
16530536
负责人：
SANO Masahiko
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
University of Soai
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16530536/
关键词：
Transition from School to Work Youth Labour Market Britain Social Exclusion NEET Employment Policies Vocational Education and Training Secondary Education 職業教育・職業訓練若者支援政策ニート(NEET)青年期教育職業教育・訓練青年期

项目摘要

This research investigated the changes in youth labour markets and youth transitions from school to work in Britain, conducting interviews with several organizations such as Connexions and local Learning and Skills Councils and utilizing existing national surveys such as the England and Wales Youth Cohort Study and the Labour Force Survey. The main findings are as follows:1. Though the labour market has been relatively buoyant in Britain since the 1990s, young people's labour market experiences have been affected by a trend towards greater actualisation characterised by employment insecurity, informality, and precariousness.2. As a result, a certain proportion of young people are effectively locked into precarious sectors of the labour market. Agency workers and those on temporary contract and in the low-skill segments of the labour market are often excluded from forms of training that would enhance their job security and longer-term career prospects. Current discussions of the youth t … More ransitional problems tend to focus largely on those who are NEETs (Not in Education, Employment or Training) or in special unemployment. However, this research insists that the main difficulties faced by young people stem from labour market insecurities and the lack of opportunities for a decent quality of life rather than from the privations of unemployment per se.3. There also exists a strong association between those at risk in transition and various indicators of socioeconomic disadvantage such as academic background, residence in deprived areas, and underprivileged family background.4. Though current policies are focused on reducing NEETs, especially in terms of unemployment, any adequate approach to combating social exclusion needs to go beyond an approach based on an employment-unemployment dichotomy and must focus on moving young people into secure employment where they obtain ongoing skills development ( A.Furlong and F.Cartmel 2004). This requires a range of interventions into labour market to reverse the trend towards labour market casualisation. Less

这项研究调查了英国青年劳动力市场的变化和青年从学校到工作的过渡，对Connexions和地方学习和技能委员会等几个组织进行了采访，并利用了英格兰和威尔士青年队列研究和劳动力调查等现有的全国调查。主要研究结果如下：1.虽然自20世纪90年代以来，英国的劳动力市场相对活跃，但年轻人的劳动力市场经历受到了以就业不安全、非正规和不稳定为特征的更大现实化趋势的影响。因此，一定比例的青年实际上被困在劳动力市场的不稳定部门。工程处的工作人员和那些临时合同工以及劳动力市场低技能部门的工作人员往往被排除在各种培训之外，而这些培训可以加强他们的工作保障和长期职业前景。当前青年问题的讨论 ...更多信息失业问题往往主要集中在那些没有接受教育、就业或培训的人或特殊失业者身上。然而，这项研究坚持认为，青年人面临的主要困难来自劳动力市场的不安全和缺乏体面生活质量的机会，而不是失业本身。在转型期面临风险的人与各种社会经济劣势指标之间也存在着密切的联系，如学术背景、居住在贫困地区和贫困家庭背景。虽然目前的政策侧重于减少非就业人口，特别是在失业方面，但任何消除社会排斥的适当办法都必须超越基于就业-失业二分法的办法，而必须侧重于使青年人获得稳定的就业，使他们不断获得技能发展（A.Furlong和F.卡尔特梅尔，2004年）。这就需要对劳动力市场进行一系列干预，以扭转劳动力市场一体化的趋势。少