Pre-columbian Gold and Copper in Costa Rica

哥斯达黎加前哥伦布时期的金矿和铜矿

• 批准号: 470821474
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Sabine Klein
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Ur- und Frühgeschichtliche Archäologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/470821474?language=en
• 关键词: Pre; columbian; Gold; Copper; Costa

The wealth in gold is still firmly associated with the “New World”. Peru and Columbia are most prominent in the debate, while much less is known about Central America. This new project sets out to fill this gap and to provide a profound insight into the early metallurgy (gold and copper) of Central America. Costa Rica was decided upon as the core area of study. It boasts not only a wealth of pre-columbian gold and copper artefacts but is also at the heart of the region, featuring both influences from Mesoamerica and from the isthmo-columbian area. Costa Ricas archaeological research and conservation institutions are of very high standard. The unequivocal support of our costarican cooperation partners at present offers the great chance to establish a longer lasting research perspective between Germany and this heartland of Central America. The project follows a two-step concept, starting off with a research strategy combining mining archaeology and geo-chemical analysis, both on local ores as well as on metal artefacts in museums and collections. Once the basic data has been collected and analysed, the second part will focus on socio-cultural and economic aspects. In cooperation with Ancient American Studies the results from Costa Rica will be put into perspective of new world early metallurgy between Mexico and Columbia. The first part of the project, which is applied for in this proposal, sets out to generate the basic analytical data. Previous archaeometallurgical studies were mostly confined to museum objects. Due to differing analytical methods the results remain difficult to compare. Despite its wealth in metal artefacts, no mining archaeological research has ever been done at Costa Ricas rich metal deposits. Therefore, besides comprehensive artefact analysis, the first project phase comprises a systematic survey of the relevant deposits and mining precincts, to search for remains of pre-Columbian metal production, i.e. mining, beneficiation or processing sites and to systematically sample and analyse the primary gold and copper deposits and (paleo-) placers in the north and south of Costa Rica. The main aim will be to establish the geochemical fingerprints of both ore districts and artefacts to identify potential raw material sources of the metal objects by comparison of these signatures. Our results will provide a sound archaeometallurgical data base for future research approaches in Central America, beyond the borders of Costa Rica.

黄金中的财富仍然与“新世界”有关。秘鲁和哥伦比亚在辩论中最为突出，而对中美洲知之甚少。这个新项目旨在填补这一空白，并深入了解中美洲早期冶金（黄金和铜）。哥斯达黎加被决定为研究的核心领域。它不仅拥有丰富的哥伦比亚前黄金和铜制品，而且还拥有该地区的核心，具有来自中美洲和地峡哥伦比亚地区的影响。哥斯达黎加档案研究和保护机构的标准很高。目前，我们的哥斯达黎加合作伙伴的明确支持为在德国和中美洲的心脏地带之间建立较长持久的研究观点提供了绝佳的机会。该项目遵循了一个两步的概念，从一项研究策略开始，该策略结合了矿业考古学和地球化学分析，包括当地矿石以及博物馆和收藏的金属人工制品。一旦收集和分析了基本数据，第二部分将集中在社会文化和经济方面。与古代美国研究合作，哥斯达黎加的结果将成为墨西哥和哥伦比亚之间早期冶金的角度。该项目中适用的项目的第一部分旨在生成基本的分析数据。先前的档案术研究主要仅限于博物馆对象。由于不同的分析方法，结果仍然难以比较。尽管具有金属伪像的财富，但在哥斯达黎加富含金属矿床上尚未进行采矿档案研究。因此，除了全面的人工制品分析外，第一个项目阶段还包括对相关沉积物和采矿精度进行系统的调查，以寻找哥伦比亚前金属生产的遗体，即采矿，福利或加工地点，并系统地对Costa rica北部和南部的主要金和铜沉积物进行采样和分析，并分析主要的金和铜沉积物和（古铜沉积物和（古）。主要目的是通过比较这些特征来确定矿区和人工制品的地球化学指纹，以确定金属物体的潜在原材料来源。我们的结果将为中美洲未来的研究方法提供一个合理的考古术数据库，除了哥斯达黎加的边界。