Development of polar crystals controlling the symmetry of complex cations and study on their non-linear electo-optic effect

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Purpose of this study was as follows :A. To control orientation of complex cations in a crystal by controlling the symmetry of the complex cations.B. To study the electro-optic effect of the crystals.Here is a summary of main results.1 Precise measurement of the electro-optic effectIn order to estimate the electro-optic effect precisely, a transmission method and a reflection method were investigated using single-crystal samples, and the reflection method was proved to have some advantages in the electro-optic measurement.2 Crystallization in two different crystal systemsA chiral dinuclear nickel(II) complex was shown to crystallize into two different crystal systems under different conditions ; One was polar and the other was not polar.3 Search for new promising compoundsSome new transition metal complexes were prepared using chiral ligands.4 Observation of the fourth-order electro-optic effectElectro-optic effect of some compounds were measured. Especially, a D_2 symmetric crystal showed a fouth-order electro-optict effect ; a change in refractive index was proportional to the fourth power of the external electric field.