Flow Phenomenon of Nano-Fluid and Development of Micro-Pump with the Aid of Pettier Element and Shape Memory Alloy

1)珀尔帖元件与形状记忆合金的动态特性研究本文采用的珀尔帖元件采用施加直流电加热。加热层元件使形状记忆合金膨胀。同时，当不施加直流电到珀耳帖元件时，由于珀耳帖元件不受热，形状记忆合金保持原有形状。注意它恢复到原来的形状是很慢的，因为加热后的形状记忆合金的壁温需要相当长的时间才能恢复到原来的形状。因此，为了提高返回原始形状所消耗的时间，需要对珀尔帖元件施加相反的电流。这是因为加热的珀尔帖元件被冷却，导致形状记忆合金的实质性冷却。这种冷却诱导恢复自然恢复到原来的形状。规则运动得到以下结果：(a)热电偶连接在珀尔帖元件的两侧，直流电在其中流动。通过有规律地改变其流动方向，测量了壁面温度随时间的变化。(b)在珀尔帖元件的单侧壁与形状记忆合金接触后，形状记忆合金的形状变化随珀尔帖元件的有规律的温度变化而有规律地变化。它的责任是通过实验测量出来的。2)微型泵的制造(a)所制造的微型泵由扩散阀、带有珀耳梯元件和形状记忆合金的热电主动元件和喷嘴阀组成。这些零件是在铝板中制造的，每个零件的深度为1mm。纳米流体和纯流体在扩散阀、热电主动元件和喷嘴阀中流动。为了使微泵中的流体流动可视化，制造的铝板被PYREX玻璃覆盖。(b)考虑通道壁的亲水特性是很重要的。它的性质影响着流体在微窄通道中的流动现象。少

1) Dynamic characteristics of Peltier Element and Shape Memory AlloyA peltier element employed here was heated by the imposed direct current. The heating peltier element makes the shape memory alloy expand. Meanwhile, when the direct current is not imposed to the peltier element, the shape memory alloy maintains the original shape, because the peltier element is not heated. Note that it is slow to return to the original shape, because the wall temperature of the heated shape memory alloy needs a substantial time to the original one of it. Therefore, in order to improve the time consumed to return the original shape, the opposite current needs to be imposed to the peltier element. This is because the heated peltier element is cooled, resulting in a substantial cooling of the shape memory alloy. This cooling induces the recovery nature to return the original shape. The regular motion gives the following results :(a) The thermocouples are connected at both sides of the peltier element, in … More which the direct-electric current flows. By regularly changing its flow direction, the time wise variation of the wall temperature was measured.(b) After the one-side wall of the peltier element is contacted with the shape memory alloy, the shape variation of the shape memory alloy is regularly changed with a regular temperature variation of the peltier element. Its responsibility is experimentally measured.2) Manufacture of micro pump(a) The manufactured micro pump consists of diffuser valve, thermal-electric active element with peltier element and shape memory alloy, and nozzle valve. These parts are manufactured in the aluminum plate in which the depth of each part is 1mm. The nano-fluid and pure-fluid flow in the diffuser valve, thermal-electric active element, and nozzle valve. In order to visualize the fluid flow in the micro-pump, the aluminum plate manufactured is covered by the PYREX glass.(b) It is important to consider hydrophilic characteristics of the channel wall. Its nature affects the fluid flow phenomena in the micro and narrow channel. Less