A Study on EMC Design Theory for PCB in High-Speed/High-Frequency Information Technology

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Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problems such as crosstalk, signal integrity, and so on, have become crucial for modern high-speed/high-frequency information technology equipment because trace lines on a printed circuit board (PCB) become in high density and are of various layout to reduce the size. In this research, we focused the topics related with PCB.1.Power/ground plane problemIn the latest PCB, parallel planes are prepared for power/ground distribution, not wire lines. Then, there are such many via hole passing the planes that electromagnetic fields of certain frequencies are excited inside the space between the planes, that is, resonance would be generated. We studied this topic at a viewpoint of circuit theory using equivalent circuits representing the resonance at the plane.2.Signal integrity/crosstalk problems in trace lines crossing the defected ground planeThere are signal lines crossing defected ground planes, for example, separated plane with a slit. When two trace l … More ines cross the separated ground plane with a slit, crosstalk would be occurred in high level. We studied this to establish the equivalent circuit model by checking the coupling mechanism between trance lines and a slot line from experimental discussions and numerical calculations (under paper reviewing). This model would be useful when designing such line layout.3.Signal integrity/crosstalk problems in nearby transmission linesFor parallel transmission lines, transmission characteristics such as signal integrity and crosstalk can be estimated until now theoretically. But for non-parallel lines, the theory for representing the characteristics is not established in transmission line theory. We focused on the problems for lines in arbitrary directions in free space. And serious topics for analyzing multi-trace lines were studied when using a modal analysis technique (under paper reviewing).4.Immunity/radiation problems in trace linesThe coupling of external electromagnetic fields to transmission lines is a basic concept for immunity problem. This problem was studied until now. From a viewpoint of circuit theory, the radiation problem from a transmission line can be considered from a concept of reciprocity. We proposed a technique to estimate the Poynting vector denoting the energy flow in the trace lines to investigate the physical mechanism of the problem. Less