Research on Performance Evaluation of Hollow-Type Contact Carrier Applied for Biological Wastewater Treatment

主要目的是开发独特的生物接触氧化载体和设计程序。合理的设计程序并不明确，但主要是基于实际的田间试验。研究目标设定为三点。一是对市售中空载体的净化功能进行了性能评价。其次是在实验室反应器中测定底物去除速率、生物质产率系数和生物质与载体的脱附率。三是载体表面活性生物量的量化与评价，在第一个指标上，有七种载体可供选择。这些载流子分别被放置在螺旋式整流器中。对每个载体的流态进行了观测和拍照，以确定每个载体的平均速度及其分布规律、旋转度等。在第二个靶标上，脱落率明显高于自身分解率近2.5倍。一旦底物被微生物摄取，然后转化为微生物。这意味着增加的生物量很容易被流动剪切力从载体表面剥离，从而构成反应器中的悬浮微生物。在最后一个目标上，载体表面上生长的生物膜不是以光滑而薄的相同形式存在。本文介绍了一些具有脱氢酶活性的微生物的染色方法，以显色的方式清楚地显示这些微生物的斑点和数量，并用CCD摄像机进行观察。该方法的实际步骤并不完整，但已成为测量载体上活性生物量的非常有效的工具

The main purposes are the development of unique carrier and design procedure for the biological contact oxidation process. The reasonable design procedure is not clear, but has mainly been based on the practical field experiment. Research targets are set to three points. First is the performance evaluation on purification functions of commercially available hollow-type carries. Second are the determinations of substrate removal rate and biomass yield coefficient, and detachment rate of biomass from carrier in a laboratory reactor. Third is the quantification and evaluation of active biomass which grows on the surface of carrier.On the first target, seven kinds of carrier became available. Those carriers are putted in the spiral type rector respectively. The flow pattern of each carrier is observed and taken in photograph to determine each mean velocity and its distribution pattern, rotation degree and so on. While, the attachment characteristics is also checked by respiro-meter.On the second target, the detachment rate becomes obvious to be in almost 2.5 times higher than that of self decomposition rate. Once substrate is ingested in microbes, and then converted to microbes. This means the increased biomass is easily torn off from the carrier surface by flow shear stress, which composes the suspended microbes in the reactor.On the last target, the biofilm developed on the carrier surface does not exist in smooth and thin identical form. Here, the dyeing method of some microbes which possess dehydrogenase activity is introduced to make clear the spot and amount of such microbes by developed color, which is observed by CCD camera. The practical procedure is not complete, but this method become very effective tool to measure the active biomass on carrier