Ecological Research for a new invaded termite pest, Reticulitermes kanmonensis.

本研究对一种新的入侵白蚁--甘肃白蚁的生态特性进行了研究：1.甘肃白蚁的生态特征在野外，当它们异地分布时，它们几乎是在同一受害水平的树林中筑巢。但当它们共生分布时，甘蒙山大小蜂均嵌套在危害程度较低的林木中。值得注意的是，甘草表现出较强的构廊能力和耐干旱能力。在本实验条件下，30℃时甘肃红鱼的摄食率最高。这一点与P.peratus的结果几乎相同。共存种间和种内相互作用表现出对不同种的强烈竞争行为，不存在营养层接触。然而，对同一物种的不同群体的竞争行为较弱，观察到了营养性的食物交换。另一方面，甘肃根结线虫对不同物种和同一物种的不同种群表现出强烈的竞争行为，不存在营养层接触。这些结果表明，与已知的种群融合不同，甘蒙山林蛙没有表现出群体融合现象，并且强烈排斥非巢居个体，两者分布格局的差异可能是由于它们对巢的识别特性不同所致。白蚁水分利用能力及其生理机制本研究克隆并测定了台湾乳白蚁消化道水通道蛋白水通道蛋白(AQP)的基因序列，以阐明白蚁的水分利用能力。从这些结果来看，至少有两种AQP mRNAs可以通过编码区的C末端的核酸序列来区分，所推导的氨基酸序列与目前已知的昆虫AQP有53-65%的同源性。

In this study, ecological features of a new invaded termite species, Reticulitermes kanmonensis, were investigated as below :1. Ecological features of R.kanmonensisIn the field, R.speratus and R.kamnonensis nested almost in the same damaged-level woods when they distributed allopatrically. However, R.kanmonensis nested in the lower damaged-level wood than R.speratus when they distributed sympatrically. It is also remarkable that R.kanmonensis showed the high ability of gallery construction and tolerance against dryness. In the experimental condition, the consumption rate of R.kanmonensis was highest at 30℃. This is almost same as that of R. speratus.2. Inter-and intra-species interaction among co-existent speciesR.speratus showed strong agonistic behavior against different species and no trophallactic contact. However agonistic behavior against different colony of the same species was weak and trophallactic exchange of food was observed. On the other hand, R.kanmonensis showed strong agonistic behavior against different species and different colony of the same species and trophallaxis contact was absent. These results suggested that R.speratus has colony fusion as already known, although R.kanmonensis does not show colony fusion and strongly exclude non-nestmate individuals.It is suggested that the difference in distribution patterns of the two species is due to the difference in their nestmate recognition characteristics.3. Elucidation of water utilization ability and the physiological mechanismsWe cloned and sequenced cDNAs encoding water channel protein, aquaporin (AQP) from digestive tracts of Coptotermes formosanus, in order to clarify the ability of water utilization of termite. From these results, there are at least two kinds of AQP mRNAs which can be distinguished by nucleic acid sequences since C-terminal of coding region, and the deduced amino acid sequences have 53-65% identities with presently known insect AQPs.