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Study on estimating and reducing of nitrate leaching in farmland on sand dune

沙丘农田硝酸盐淋溶估算及减少研究

基本信息

批准号：
16580043
负责人：
YAMAMOTO Sadahiro
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
Tottori University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Status of nitrate leaching in scallion production filed located in the east part of Tottori sand dune and fertilizer placement method that controlled nitrate leaching was examined to prevent the nitrate pollution of underground water in the dune agricultural zone.1)NO3-N concentration of underground water of most of wells in dune agricultural zone in east part of Tottori Prefecture had 10mgN/L or more and was especially in uptrend in scallion production area. The quality of groundwater, which stay on clay layer located at depth of 10m, changed by the precipitation in short time, and its composition was similar to the soil solution.2)NO3-N leaching from scallion cultivation dune farmland was measured by a monolith lysimeter. A large amount of NO3-N leaching was occurred in the first stage of cultivation with an insufficient growth of the root, and NO3-N concentration of the leachate reached 100mgN/L.. Nitrate leaching at the first stage of cultivation was not able to be reduced by contr … More olled-release fertilizers effectively. However, when the base fertilizer application was delayed until starting root expansion, the nitrate leaching was effectively reduced.3)Device (SCFS) that was able to record the amount of lower infiltration from the root zone and a change with the lapse of time of the salt concentration was developed. A change with the lapse of time of NO3-N concentration that leached from scallion cultivation sandy field was clarified by this device.The monitoring system, which can make clear solute transport tendency in soil with sensor and measure water volume and quality of leachate by SCFS, was constructed.4)The soil property of the scallion production dune filed showed various distributions horizontally, and the spatial dependence was shown in properties to be related to nutrients holding such as CEC. Soil properties seemed to influence growth, quality, and the amount of scallion.5)New soil amendments, hydrotalcite and plant charred materials, were created, and the effect of the NO3-N leaching reduction in the sand dune soil was verified by the pot test. The materials application of the proper quantity promoted the growth of crops, and controlled the NO3-N leaching.. Especially, the plant charred materials have greatly improved the nutrients and water holding capacity of sand dune soil.It was concluded that the limited part fertilizer application that took growth and the development of the plant root into consideration was the most effective NO3-N leaching reduction method. Less

为防治鸟取县东部沙丘农业区地下水硝酸盐污染，对位于该地区的大葱生产田的硝酸盐淋失状况和控制硝酸盐淋失的施肥方法进行了研究。1）鸟取县东部沙丘农业区大部分威尔斯井地下水NO3-N浓度在10 mgN/L以下，而在2005年，该地区的地下水NO3-N浓度为10 mgN/L。L以上，尤其是大葱产区呈上升趋势。沉积在10 m以下粘土层上的地下水，其水质在短时间内因降水而发生变化，其成分与土壤溶液相似。培养初期，由于根系生长不充分，NO3-N大量淋溶，淋出液中NO3-N浓度高达100 mgN/L。在培养的第一阶段，控制硝态氮的淋失不能减少硝态氮的淋失。 ...更多信息有效的缓释肥料。但是，当底肥施用延迟到根系开始扩展时，硝态氮的淋失量有效地减少了。3）开发了能够记录根区低渗量和盐浓度随时间推移的变化的装置（SCFS）。利用该装置研究了大葱种植桑迪土壤淋溶NO3-N浓度随时间的变化规律，构建了利用传感器明确土壤中溶质运移趋势，利用超临界流体技术测量淋溶水量和水质的监测系统。土壤CEC等与养分持量有关的性质表现出空间依赖性。土壤性质对大葱的生长、品质和产量有一定的影响。5）通过盆栽试验，研究了水滑石和植物炭两种新型土壤改良剂对土壤硝态氮淋失的抑制作用。适量的物料施用促进了作物的生长，控制了硝态氮的淋失。特别是植物炭化物对沙丘土壤的养分和持水力有显著的改善作用，因此，考虑植物根系生长发育的有限部分施肥是减少NO3-N淋失的最有效方法。少