Dynamics of the antarctic Ozone Hole

利用2003年南极Syowa站臭氧探空观测资料和ILAS-II卫星观测资料，对南极臭氧空洞的耗散机制进行了详细分析。示踪相关分析和反向轨迹分析表明，臭氧恢复在极涡破裂之前就开始了，主要是由布鲁尔-多布森环流和极涡内外的横向混合引起的。利用2002年Syowa台站密集探空观测资料，分析了重力波特征的季节变化。结果表明，在极涡稳定期和极涡破裂期，有大量的重力波向下传播能量。局部Rossby数和全息图分析估计的参数表明，引力波是由极地涡旋周围的自发调节机制产生的。对观测到的南极臭氧空洞内的臭氧层进行了特征分析和成因分析。根据Syowa站和Neumayer站的臭氧探测资料，在14 ~ 19km高度区域臭氧混合比较低的区域，经常出现垂直深度为0.4 ~ 1.4 km的臭氧层。反轨迹分析表明，这些层流起源于极涡边界区。利用2003年8月阿拉斯加州费尔班克斯的臭氧探空仪观测资料，分析了30 km高度区域的臭氧混合比、温度和水平风速。首先，利用垂直波数光谱检查了臭氧波动中观测到的主要垂直尺度。其次，定量估算了大气重力波对平流层下层臭氧精细结构的贡献。大约20%的臭氧变化可以用重力波引起的垂直位移来解释。少

Using data from intensive ozonesonde observation at Syowa Station in the Antarctic and from satellite onboard Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer-II (ILAS-II) in 2003, detailed analysis was made to elucidate the dissipation mechanism of the Antarctic ozone hole. It was shown from the tracer-tracer correlation analysis and backward trajectory analysis that the ozone recovery started before the polar vortex breaking, by the Brewer-Dobson circulation and lateral mixing between inside and outside the polar vortex.Using intensive radiosonde observation data at Syowa Station in 2002, seasonal variation of gravity wave characteristics were analyzed. It was shown that significant amount of gravity waves propagate energy downward in the periods when the polar vortex was stable and when the polar vortex breaking proceeded. Local Rossby number and the parameters estimated by the hodograph analysis indicated that the gravity waves were generated by the spontaneous adjustment mechanism around th … More e polar vortex.Ozone lamina observed inside the Antarctic ozone hole observed were examined in terms of their characteristics and causes. Based on ozonesonde data at Syowa Station and Neumayer Station, it was shown that ozone lamina with a vertical depth of 0.4 to 1.4 km frequently appear in the height region of 14-19km where the ozone mixing ratio is quite low. Using backward trajectory analysis, it was revealed that these lamina were originated from the boundary region of the polar vortex.We analyzed ozone mixing ratio, temperature and horizontal wind velocities in the height region up to 30 km from ozonesonde observations at Fairbanks, Alaska in August, 2003. First, dominant vertical scales observed in the ozone fluctuations were examined using vertical wavenumber spectra. Next, the contribution from atmospheric gravity waves to the fine structure of ozone in the lower stratosphere was quantitatively estimated. About 20% of ozone variance was explained by the vertical displacement mostly due to gravity waves. Less