Neural Mechanisms of Haptics in the Insect Antenna

昆虫触角触觉的神经机制

• 批准号: 17570063
• 负责人: OKADA Jiro
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: KYUSHU UNIVERCITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17570063/
• 关键词: Insect; Active sense; Antenna; Haptics; Tactile sense; Spatial behavior; 覚; 触角(アンテナ); 空間感覚

The antennae of an insect function as an active tactile sensor to perceive the physical environment. This study was aimed to clarify neural mechanisms of active tactile sensing (haptics) by the insect antenna. The following results were obtained for these two financial years.1. Spatial behavior of cricketsSpatial preferences of crickets were examined by using both an irregular-shaped arena with different curvatures of walls and a circular arena with different sizes of shelters. The analyses revealed that crickets may perceive the structure of a given closed space as a consequence of preceding search.2. Neural control of antennal muscles in cockroachesIntracellular responses to electrical stimuli to antennal motor nerves were recorded from the antennal muscles. The analyses provided the outline of innervation from the antennal motor center.3. Kinematics of the cockroach antennaIn order to determine kinematic parameters, each of the antennal muscles was electrically stimulated, and the consequent antennal movement was analyzed three-dimensionally.4. Cholinergic control of antennal movement in cockroachesWhen a muscarinic agonist pilocarpine or a nicotinic agonist nicotine was injected into the head capsule, continuous rhythmic movements of both antennae were induced in the restrained cockroach. The trajectories of antennae included some spatially-patterned elements, which resemble those observed during intended orientation. Pilocarpine also induced rhythmic spike activities of the antennal motor nerves in vitro specimens. Significant correlates between the horizontal and vertical motor systems imply the spatial regularity of antennal movement.5. Antennal responses to aversive and attractive odors in cockroachesThe responses of antennae to the aversive odor (female-derived sex pheromone-like odor) and the aversive odor (limonene) were observed and compared with the antennal movement induced by pilocarpine or nicotine.

昆虫的触角起着主动触觉传感器的作用，以感知物理环境。本研究旨在阐明昆虫触角主动触觉感知的神经机制。这两个财政年度取得了以下成果。蟋蟀的空间行为研究蟋蟀的空间偏好，通过使用一个不规则形状的竞技场与不同曲率的墙壁和一个圆形竞技场与不同大小的掩体。分析表明，蟋蟀可能会感知到一个给定的封闭空间的结构作为先前搜索的结果。蟑螂触角肌肉的神经控制电刺激触角运动神经，在触角肌肉上记录到细胞内的反应。这些分析提供了从触角运动中枢神经支配的轮廓.蟑螂触角的运动为了确定运动学参数，电刺激触角的每一个肌肉，并对由此产生的触角运动进行三维分析。蟑螂触角运动的胆碱能控制当将毒蕈碱激动剂匹罗卡品或烟碱激动剂尼古丁注射到头囊中时，在被抑制的蟑螂中诱导两个触角的连续节律性运动。天线的轨迹包括一些空间图案化的元素，这些元素类似于在预期取向期间观察到的元素。毛果芸香碱也诱导离体标本的触角运动神经的节律性锋电位活动。水平和垂直运动系统之间的显著相关性暗示了触角运动的空间规律性.蟑螂对厌恶性气味和引诱性气味的触角反应观察了蟑螂触角对厌恶性气味（雌性性信息素样气味）和厌恶性气味（柠檬烯）的反应，并与毛果芸香碱或尼古丁诱导的触角运动进行了比较。

项目成果

Antennal and locomotor responses to attractive and aversive odors in the searching cockroach

• DOI: 10.1007/s00359-007-0249-3
• 发表时间: 2007-09-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-NEUROETHOLOGY SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Nishiyama, Katsuhiro;Okada, Jiro;Toh, Yoshihiro
• 通讯作者: Toh, Yoshihiro

Active tactile sensing for localization of objects by the cockroach antenna

通过蟑螂天线进行主动触觉感应来定位物体

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: J. Comp. Physiol. A 192
• 作者: J.Okada;Y;Toh
• 通讯作者: Toh

Active tactile sensing for localization of objects by the cockroach antenna.

通过蟑螂天线进行主动触觉感应来定位物体。

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: J.Comp.Physiol.A 192
• 作者: J.Okada;Y.Toh
• 通讯作者: Y.Toh