Damage of telomeric DNA by active oxygen radicals

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We have studied DNA damages of telomeric DNA by the active-oxygen. G-quartet structure which is the structure of the telomere deoxyribonucleic acid was reviewed in detail about a wide range of alkali metal ions, because the structural change occurred with the difference in the alkali metal ion and the radical-reaction between DNA and radicals was changed. Based on the structural information, the damages of the nucleic acid were observed in the direct measurement, and we have observed the time change. At present, those are being clarified by the mass analysis and NMR. In the direct measurement of the reaction between DNA and radicals, however, our previous systems could not be applied because of the low concentration and fast decay of the radicals. Therefore, we examined the mixer and pass of the stopped-flow instrument, and made the new system. Moreover, in the detecting means, we have improved capillary flow-cell and used it. It succeeded in incorporating an irradiation system into stopped-flow-ESR measurement system by the improvement and making active-oxygen radical species react to the occurrence and the biological-sample efficiently. It established a way of detecting nucleic acid radical. Also, some spin-trap reagents were obtained by the chemical synthesis formed them by the recrystallization. They made us selectively detect the radicals. Currently, we applied this system to the research of telomeric DNA damages by the active-oxygen of the amino acid. At present, the structure singularity of the radical-reaction of the telomere deoxyribonucleic acid is clarifying the mechanism of the damage of the deoxyribonucleic acid all together with the result of the clarifying and NMR.