Honesty beyond borders? A cross-national study of the interplay between personality and societal norms
诚信超越国界?
基本信息
- 批准号:495389381
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:德国
- 项目类别:Research Grants
- 财政年份:
- 资助国家:德国
- 起止时间:
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Two relatively recent breakthroughs in the study of (dis)honesty have been the demonstration of a broad personality trait representing honesty and the development of behavioral tasks that allow for the conclusive study of actual (dis)honesty. These two seminal developments were recently combined, corroborating that self-reported trait honesty is indeed predictive of behavioral (dis)honesty and thus serves to explain the notable individual differences found in (dis)honest behavior. However, much of the available empirical evidence is constrained to one single societal context, Germany, which happens to be among the countries with a particularly high average level of honesty according to recent cross-national studies. Problematically, the relationship between self-reported trait honesty and behavioral dishonesty may not only be reduced in potentially many societies as compared to German samples – it may actually reverse. This may occur both because societal honesty norms (which appear to be relatively pronounced in Germany) plausibly influence the extent to which self-reports on honesty are actually honest and/or because those with high self-reported honesty levels are not actually intrinsically motivated to be honest, but actually striving for social conformity – thus calling into question the most fundamental assumptions about the general viability of measuring a trait such as honesty through self-reports and/or the substantive meaning of what personality psychologists are measuring under the label "honesty". Thus, a test of cross-societal heterogeneity is urgently needed, i.e. cross-societal data relating self-reported trait honesty to behavioral dishonesty to assess whether and how the link between personality and dishonesty depends on the cross-societal variation in the typical extent of honesty. The proposed project thus studies whether and how well self-reported trait honesty and related traits predict actual behavioral (dis)honesty across 11 different countries/societies (Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Mexico, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, and the USA) which also allows for specific pair-wise comparisons of countries differing only in one specific aspect to foster an understanding of the potential drivers of heterogeneity.
在对(不诚实)的研究中,有两个相对较新的突破,一是展示了代表诚实的广泛人格特质,二是发展了行为任务,这使得对实际(不诚实)的研究成为可能。这两个开创性的发展最近被结合在一起,证实了自我报告的特质诚实确实可以预测行为(不诚实),从而解释了(不)诚实行为中发现的显著的个体差异。然而,许多现有的经验证据仅限于一个单一的社会背景--德国,根据最近的跨国研究,德国恰好是平均诚实水平特别高的国家之一。问题是,与德国样本相比,自我报告的特质诚实和行为不诚实之间的关系不仅可能在许多社会中减少--实际上可能是相反的。这可能是因为社会诚实规范(在德国似乎相对明显)可信地影响关于诚实的自我报告实际上诚实的程度,和/或因为那些自我报告诚实程度高的人实际上并不是出于诚实的内在动机,而是实际上努力追求社会一致性-从而使关于通过自我报告衡量诸如诚实等特质的总体可行性的最基本假设受到质疑,和/或人格心理学家在标签下衡量的“诚实”的实质含义。因此,迫切需要对跨社会异质性进行测试,即将自我报告的特质诚实与行为不诚实联系起来的跨社会数据,以评估人格和不诚实之间的联系是否以及如何依赖于典型诚实程度的跨社会差异。因此,拟议的项目研究了11个不同国家/社会(澳大利亚、奥地利、巴西、加拿大、丹麦、德国、墨西哥、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞士和美国)的自我报告的特征诚实和相关特征是否以及如何预测实际的行为(不诚实),这也允许对只在一个特定方面不同的国家进行具体的配对比较,以促进对异质性的潜在驱动因素的理解。
项目成果
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Professor Dr. Benjamin E. Hilbig, Ph.D.其他文献
Professor Dr. Benjamin E. Hilbig, Ph.D.的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Professor Dr. Benjamin E. Hilbig, Ph.D.', 18)}}的其他基金
Antagonistic personality trait patterns and cooperative behavior: A multi-component approach
对抗性人格特质模式和合作行为:多成分方法
- 批准号:
277136516 - 财政年份:2015
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Bringing angels and demons down to earth: Real-life generality and mechanisms of the link between personality and ethical behavior
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209892318 - 财政年份:2011
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