Elucidation of flower color vaiation of Hydrangea macrophylla

绣球花的颜色是不同的，从红色，通过紫色，蓝色。然而，所有的颜色都是由一种色素，飞燕草素3葡萄糖苷（1）引起的。从彩色萼片中分离得到5-O-咖啡酰奎尼酸（2）、5-O-对香豆酰奎尼酸（3）和绿原酸（3-O-咖啡酰奎尼酸，4），并伴有1。通过离体培养实验，发现1号色素的颜色受pH值、2、3、4的含量和着色细胞（液泡）中Al^<3+>的影响，从蓝色、紫色和红色的萼片中分别制备出不变色的着色原生质体。采用微电极法、显微分光光度法和纳米高效液相色谱法分别测定了单色细胞的pH值、吸收光谱和有机组分。蓝色细胞的pHv为4.1，红色细胞的pHv为3.2。采用显微分离技术分离出蓝色、紫色和红色原生质体，利用nano-HPLC分析了它们的成分。在每个红色、紫色和蓝色原生质体中的I浓度分别被确定为24 mM、15 mM和15 mM。有机组分的摩尔比分别为1：2：3：4：1：1.1：0.6：1.6、1：1.2：0.8：2.8和1：1.9：1.1：4.0。我们正在逐步实现单细胞中Al^<3+>的定量分析，以阐明八仙花花色的变异。

Hydrangea flower color is varied from red, through purple, to blue. However, all colors are caused from only one pigment, delphinidin 3glucoside(1). By extraction from the color sepals, Hydrangea macrophylla, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2), 5-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid (3), and chlorogenic acid (3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4), accompanied with 1, were isolated. We have revealed by in vitro experiment that the color of 1 is influenced by pH, content of 2, 3 and 4 and Al^<3+> in the colored cell (vacuole).From each the blue, purple and red sepal the colored protoplast was prepared without changing of the color. The measurement of pH, absorption spectrum and analysis of organic components of the one colored cell were performed by microelectrode, a microscopic spectroscopy and nano-HPLC, respectively. The pHv of the blue colored cell was 4.1 and red one was 3.2.The components of blue, purple and red protoplast, of which each one cell was isolated by a micro-technique, were analyzed with use of nano-HPLC. The concentration of I in each red, purple and blue colored protoplast were determined to be 24 mM, 15mM and 15 mM, respectively. The mole ration of 1:2:3:4 the organic components 1:1.1:0.6:1.6, 1:1.2:0.8:2.8, and 1:1.9:1.1:4.0, respectively. We are now progressing realizing of quantitative analysis of Al^<3+> in one cell to clarify the flower color variation of hydrangea.