权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

New Technologies of DMFC

DMFC新技术

基本信息

批准号：
13134101
负责人：
YAMAZAKI Yohtaro
金额：
$ 22.14万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The fuel cells for liquid alcohol fuels are studied intensively. Alcohols are more suitable for fuels than hydrogen because we easily store and transport. In this project direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) and direct ethanol fuel cells are mainly investigated in order to support the efforts to develop their practical use. First the factors preventing the practical use of DMFCs are summarized as: (1) low efficiency for power generation, (2) low power density, (3) high material cost, (4) too large for portable applications, (5) toxicity of methanol. Then the basic 5 approaches were designed to solve the problems. They are : (1) reduction of the methanol cross over, (2) development of a high current density electrode and high temperature electrolyte materials, (3) reduction of the platinum loading on the DMFC electrodes, and development of new catalysis without containing precious metals, (4) development of MEMS fuel cells for miniaturization, (5) studying direct ethanol fuel cells.The fo … More llowing solutions for the 5 problems were obtained as the result of this project. (1) A new type of membrane namely the pore-filling membrane was developed, and its MEA gives high performance with high concentration methanol fuel (around 10M). (2) A novel DMFC with a porous carbon substrate was developed to reduce the methanol cross over, and the single cell showed a high I-V performance even at high methanol concentration (as high as 17M). (3) APt/SnOx catalyst was synthesized on a well controlled surface of carbon nano-tubes by self-organization. Such nano-structure is promising for the reduction of Pt loading in DMFCs. (4) Novel micro DMFCs based on MEMS technology were designed and fabricated. This technology reduces the number of the components in a DMFC and reduces the assembly cost as well as reduces their sizes. (5) A direct ethanol fuel cell is studied and the behavior of the acetaldehyde which is an intermediate product in the anode reaction was investigated. The knowledge obtained in this analysis contributes to the realization of direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs). Less

以液体醇为燃料的燃料电池是目前研究的热点.酒精比氢更适合作为燃料，因为我们容易储存和运输。本计画主要研究直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFC）与直接乙醇燃料电池，以支持其实用化的发展。首先，阻碍DMFC实际应用的因素被总结为：（1）发电效率低，（2）功率密度低，（3）材料成本高，（4）对于便携式应用来说太大，（5）甲醇的毒性。然后设计了解决问题的5种基本方法。它们分别是：（1）减少甲醇的渗透，（2）开发高电流密度电极和高温电解质材料，（3）减少DMFC电极上的铂负载量，开发不含贵金属的新型催化剂，（4）开发微型MEMS燃料电池，（5）研究直接乙醇燃料电池。 ...更多信息通过本课题的研究，得到了以下5个问题的解决方案。(1)开发了一种新型膜--填孔膜，其膜电极对高浓度甲醇燃料（约10 M）具有高性能。(2)开发了一种新型的以多孔碳为基体的直接甲醇燃料电池，该电池在高甲醇浓度（高达17 M）下仍表现出较高的I-V性能。(3)采用自组装法在碳纳米管表面制备了APt/SnOx催化剂。这种纳米结构对于减少DMFC中的Pt负载是有希望的。(4)设计并制作了基于MEMS技术的新型微型DMFC。该技术减少了DMFC中的部件数量，降低了组装成本，并减小了它们的尺寸。(5)以直接乙醇燃料电池为研究对象，研究了阳极反应中间产物乙醛的行为。在此分析中获得的知识有助于实现直接乙醇燃料电池（DEFC）。少