权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR ANALYZING INORGANIC COMPONENTS IN AEROSOLS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS

气溶胶中无机成分分析方法的开发及其在大气气溶胶化学表征中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
14048212
负责人：
TOHNO Susumu
金额：
$ 15.68万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Spectromicroscopy using SR x-ray microprobe system was fabricated for single particle analysis. The system consists of elemental analysis by chemical state analysis of μ-XANES and crystal structure analysis by p,-XRD. The spatial resolution was 2-5μm and the minimum detection limit of Ni was 0.3fg for 10keV x-ray microbeam. The energy dependence of XRF yield enabled identification of the chemical states of elements from Cr to Zn with specific XANES spectra. In μ-XRD system, the sample was angularly oscillated with compensation of the beam displacements to obtain several indices of diffraction from a single particle. We have also developed a AgF-nitron double thin film method for simultaneous detection of chloride and nitrate ions in individual particles.The system was applied to quantify the ultra trace elements in the individual Kosa and non-Kosa aerosols collected at the two remote sites in Japan and Korea. We have demonstrated the remarkable mass increase of heavy elements (Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn) as well as soil components during Kosa event compared with non-Kosa period. Several time-series samplings were performed from the beginning of the Kosa incoming to investigate the mixing state of chloride, nitrate and sulfate ions in individual particles by two double thin film methods. It was revealed that sulfate constituted the majority of the formed components in the modified particles in Korea, while nitrate was the major component in Japan at Kosa event in the spring of 2004. Percentage of the modified particles roughly decreased with time and that of the particles containing both chloride and nitrate was largest at the first sampling with significant decrease after that time. In the modified coarse particles, nitrate was the dominant ions and particles containing both sulfate and nitrate were slightly detected. Particles containing all three ions were hardly detected.

使用SR X射线微探针系统的光谱显微镜被制造用于单粒子分析。该系统由μ-XANES化学状态分析的元素分析和β-XRD晶体结构分析组成。在10 keV X射线微束下，空间分辨率为2-5μm，最低检出限为0.3fg。XRF产率的能量依赖性使得能够用特定的XANES光谱识别从Cr到Zn的元素的化学状态。在μ-XRD系统中，样品通过补偿光束位移的角振荡获得单个颗粒的多个衍射指数。我们还开发了一种AgF-Nitron双薄膜方法，用于同时检测单个颗粒物中的氯离子和硝酸根离子，并将该系统应用于在日本和韩国的两个偏远站点收集的单个Kosa和非Kosa气溶胶中的超痕量元素的定量。我们已经证明了显着的质量增加的重元素（锰，镍，铜，锌），以及土壤成分在科萨事件与非科萨时期相比。几个时间序列采样进行了从开始的Kosa传入调查的混合状态的氯离子，硝酸根和硫酸根离子在单个颗粒中的两个双薄膜的方法。据透露，硫酸盐构成的改性粒子在韩国的大部分形成的成分，而硝酸盐是在日本的主要成分在高砂事件在2004年春天。改性颗粒的百分比大致随时间的推移而下降，同时含有氯化物和硝酸盐的颗粒的百分比在第一次采样时最大，此后显著下降。在改性的粗颗粒，硝酸盐是占主导地位的离子和含有硫酸盐和硝酸盐的颗粒轻微检测。几乎没有检测到含有所有三种离子的颗粒。