Quantum simulation with engineered dissipation

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In recent years, there has been significant progress in implementing novel interactions inultracold atoms in order to realize exotic phases of strongly correlated matter and performquantum operations. However, there is still a frontier that largely remains unexplored,associated with achieving strong interactions of long-range character. Although it is well-knownthat in principle, photon-mediated interactions provide an enabling route, in practice, large anduncontrolled dissipation in the form of atomic spontaneous emission greatly limits what isactually achievable.Our targeted breakthrough is to overcome this barrier by constructing a new platform consistingof a many-atom Ytterbium optical tweezer array integrated with a cavity QED setup. Whilespontaneous emission typically limits the interaction fidelities of light-matter coupled systems,our setup will instead harness spontaneous emission as a correlated form of dissipation, whichcan be suppressed and even utilized for dissipation engineering, given the ability to controllablyposition atoms at sub-wavelength distances. The anticipated increases in interaction fidelities(to the ~99% level), and versatility to design long-range interactions and dissipation, will makesuch a platform a leading candidate for future applications in quantum simulation andmetrology via the ability to produce, investigate, and utilize novel exotic dissipative phases ofmatter. Such advances over current capabilities will come from combining novel experimentaldevelopments, a new conceptual paradigm of light-matter interactions, and new theoreticalapproaches, as reflected in the synergetic expertise of the diverse QuSiED partners.QuSiED will investigate fundamental problems like the formation of dissipative phases withoutthermodynamic counterpart, as well as aspects of many-body quantum information science,ranging from entanglement transport in the presence of engineered dissipation to metrologyenhanced by correlated emission. The realization of the unique tweezer-cavity platform willestablish a significant advantage in the EU's race for quantum supremacy, with the diverseQuSiED consortium creating interdisciplinary knowledge ranging from fundamental to appliedaspects of long-range photon-mediated interactions and engineered dissipation.