Quantum simulation with engineered dissipation

近年来，为了实现强相关物质的奇异相和量子运算，在实现超冷原子间的新型相互作用方面取得了重大进展。然而，还有一个有待探索的领域，即实现远距离角色的强大互动。虽然众所周知，原则上，光子介导的相互作用提供了一种可行的途径，但在实践中，原子自发发射形式的大而不受控制的耗散极大地限制了实际可实现的目标。我们的目标突破是通过构建一个由多原子镱光镊阵列和腔QED装置组成的新平台来克服这一障碍。虽然自发发射通常限制了光-物质耦合系统的相互作用保真度，但我们的设置将利用自发发射作为耗散的相关形式，它可以被抑制，甚至用于耗散工程，因为能够在亚波长距离上可控地定位原子。相互作用保真度的预期增加（到~99%的水平），以及设计远程相互作用和耗散的多功能性，将使这样的平台成为未来量子模拟和计量应用的主要候选者，通过产生、研究和利用新的奇异物质耗散相的能力。这种超越现有能力的进步将来自于结合新的实验发展、光-物质相互作用的新概念范式和新的理论方法，正如不同QuSiED合作伙伴的协同专业知识所反映的那样。QuSiED将研究基本问题，如没有热力学对应的耗散相的形成，以及多体量子信息科学的各个方面，从工程耗散存在下的纠缠传输到相关发射增强的计量学。独特的镊子腔平台的实现将在欧盟的量子霸权竞赛中建立一个显着的优势，与多元化的used联盟创造跨学科的知识，从远程光子介导的相互作用和工程耗散的基础到应用方面。

In recent years, there has been significant progress in implementing novel interactions inultracold atoms in order to realize exotic phases of strongly correlated matter and performquantum operations. However, there is still a frontier that largely remains unexplored,associated with achieving strong interactions of long-range character. Although it is well-knownthat in principle, photon-mediated interactions provide an enabling route, in practice, large anduncontrolled dissipation in the form of atomic spontaneous emission greatly limits what isactually achievable.Our targeted breakthrough is to overcome this barrier by constructing a new platform consistingof a many-atom Ytterbium optical tweezer array integrated with a cavity QED setup. Whilespontaneous emission typically limits the interaction fidelities of light-matter coupled systems,our setup will instead harness spontaneous emission as a correlated form of dissipation, whichcan be suppressed and even utilized for dissipation engineering, given the ability to controllablyposition atoms at sub-wavelength distances. The anticipated increases in interaction fidelities(to the ~99% level), and versatility to design long-range interactions and dissipation, will makesuch a platform a leading candidate for future applications in quantum simulation andmetrology via the ability to produce, investigate, and utilize novel exotic dissipative phases ofmatter. Such advances over current capabilities will come from combining novel experimentaldevelopments, a new conceptual paradigm of light-matter interactions, and new theoreticalapproaches, as reflected in the synergetic expertise of the diverse QuSiED partners.QuSiED will investigate fundamental problems like the formation of dissipative phases withoutthermodynamic counterpart, as well as aspects of many-body quantum information science,ranging from entanglement transport in the presence of engineered dissipation to metrologyenhanced by correlated emission. The realization of the unique tweezer-cavity platform willestablish a significant advantage in the EU's race for quantum supremacy, with the diverseQuSiED consortium creating interdisciplinary knowledge ranging from fundamental to appliedaspects of long-range photon-mediated interactions and engineered dissipation.