Can music enhance ketamine’s antidepressant efficacy in treatment-resistant depression: A pilot study of clinical and electrophysiological outcomes

重度抑郁症被列为世界上致残的主要原因之一。在现有的治疗重度抑郁症的方法中，抗抑郁剂量的氯胺酮成功率高，对难治性重度抑郁症（TRD）具有快速且持续的抗抑郁疗效。治疗抑郁症和重度抑郁症的另一种方法是通过强烈的情感来源（如音乐）引发大脑的情感反应。本研究将探讨音乐和抗抑郁剂量氯胺酮的联合使用是否能改善TRD患者的治疗结果。此外，本研究将研究音乐是否在氯胺酮治疗期间增强了情绪相关脑区的激活，氯胺酮是否增强了对音乐的情绪反应，以及音乐是否在氯胺酮治疗期间增强了海马旁皮层和视觉皮层之间的功能连接，从而改善了视觉图像。据我们所知，这项研究的目的之前还没有被调查过。因此，本研究结果可能对改善TRD的治疗起到重要作用，并为该领域的研究提供明确的路径。

Major depressive disorder is ranked as one of the leading causes of disability in the world. Among existing therapies for major depression, the antidepressant-dose ketamine has a high success rate and provides rapid-acting antidepressant efficacy for treatment-resistant MDD (TRD) and is sustained. Another approach to treating depression and MDD is to elicit brain emotional responses through a strong source of emotion, such as music. This study will investigate whether co-administration of music and antidepressant-dose ketamine improves treatment outcomes in patients with TRD.In addition, this study will examine whether music enhances the activation of emotion-related brain areas during ketamine treatment, examining whether ketamine enhances emotional response to music, and examining whether music increases functional connectivity between the parahippocampal and visual cortices during ketamine treatment, thus improving visual imagery.To the best of our knowledge, the objectives of this study have not been investigated before. Therefore, the results of this study might play an important role in improving the treatment of TRD and provide a clear path for studies in this area.