Quantum properties of Bose and Fermi fluids in one-dimensional states

我们研究了氦在新的纳米孔中的吸附，这些纳米孔具有规则的结构，从纳米笼状到三维(3D)连接的孔。通过吸附的蒸汽压，观察了被吸附的氦的吸附电位和成层情况。分别在纳米笼子和纳米通道中实现了零维和一维氦流体的新范式。一维和三维纳米孔中的超流体起始(转变)对孔连接具有明显的依赖性。3D气孔中的超流体具有类似于3D玻色原子气体的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的性质。在4He预镀纳米孔中形成的3He气体薄膜表现出依赖于孔连接的维度交叉：随着温度的降低，从2D Boltzmann气体状态到1D或3D气体状态。在较低的温度下，这种~3He气体在各个维度上都转变为简并态。对平板衬底上4He薄膜的超高频超流测量确定了4He薄膜的超流涡旋参数。

We have studied helium adsorbed in new nanopores which have regular structures from nano-cage to three-dimensionally (3D) connected pores. Adsorption potential and layer formation of the adsorbed helium are observed by the vapor pressure for the adsorption. New paradigms of zero-D and 1D helium fluids are realized in nano-cages and nano-channels, respectively. The superfluid onsets (transitions) in the 1D and 3D nanopores show obvious dependence on the pore connections. The superfluid in the 3D pores has properties similar to the Bose-Einstein condensation of the 3D Bose atomic gas. The films of the 3He gas formed in the 4He preplated nanopores show the dimensional crossover depending on the pore connection : from the 2D Boltzmann gas to a 1D or 3D gas state with decreasing temperature. This 3He-gas changes to the degenerate state in each dimension at the lower temperatures. Extremely high frequency superfluid measurements of 4He films on flat substrate determined the superfluid vortex parameters of the 4He films.