G‐band Differential Absorption Radar with Doppler

带多普勒的 Gâband 差分吸收雷达

• 批准号: 502048393
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Universität zu Köln
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Major Research Instrumentation
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-31 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/502048393?language=en
• 关键词: band; Differential; Absorption; Radar; Doppler

Our understanding of the atmospheric water cycle is fundamental for our ability to predict weather and climate. However, due to the complex nature in particular of the atmospheric boundary layer and cloud microphysics severe gaps about the vertical water vapor distribution and the condensate load of clouds exist. This is of strong concern in respect to the response to climate change especially in sensitive areas with few observations such as the Arctic or other desert regions. Recently differential absorption radar (DAR) has been proposed to close the gap on in-cloud water vapor measurements and first ground-based test measurements were performed as proxy for a future space-borne mission by NASA. DAR uses the differential absorption at the 183 GHz water vapor line, the so-called G-band, which has previously not been used for atmospheric research. Theoretical work by the proposers shows the large benefit of DAR also for ground-based and airborne measurements. Our particular interest is in the Arctic where moisture inversions and mixed phase clouds are still posing strong challenges. Applying DAR on an airborne platform for the first time in the Arctic will enable new insights into water vapor distribution but also on mixed-phase clouds especially in combination with radar at different frequencies. Multi-frequency radar measurements are able to reveal different hydrometeor properties but including G-band to the usual combination of X-, K-, and W- band is still in its infancy. Therefore, we aim for an instrument with full Doppler capability enabling for the first time such ground-based measurements to enhance the understanding of cloud microphysical processes. Microwave remote sensing is a key expertise at the University of Cologne having developed new techniques, operating ground- and airborne instruments in various regions and exploiting the measurements also in cooperation with many groups worldwide. We plan to use the new G-band Radar for Water vapor profiling and Arctic Clouds (GRaWAC) instrument on the Polar 5 aircraft and at the AWIPEV (Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) and the French Polar Institute Paul Emile Victor (IPEV)) research station at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, as part of the Transregional Collaborative Research Centre TR172 “Arctic Amplification”. In this way the instrument shall become a key component for the third phase of TR172. Furthermore, we plan to deploy the instrument at the Jülich ObservatorY for Cloud Evolution (JOYCE) being part of the European Aerosol, Clouds and Trace gases Research Infrastructure (ACTRIS) to investigate the full benefit of sensor synergy at a typical mid-latitude site and in this way prepare for the next generation of ground-based monitoring systems.

我们对大气水周期的理解对于预测天气和气候的能力至关重要。但是，由于大气边界层和云微物理学的复杂性质，垂直水蒸气分布的严重差距以及云的冷凝水负荷存在。对于对气候变化的反应，特别是在北极地区或其他沙漠地区等敏感地区的反应方面，这是很大的关注。最近，已提出差异抽象雷达（DAR）来缩小云端水蒸气测量的差距，并执行了NASA的未来太空传播任务的首个基于地面的测试测量。 DAR在183 GHz水蒸气线（所谓的G波段）上使用差分抽象，以前尚未用于大气研究。提案的理论工作表明，DAR对地面和空中测量的巨大好处。我们特别的兴趣是在北极，水分倒置和混合相云仍在提出强烈的挑战。在北极首次将DAR应用于空气载平台，将使对水蒸气分布的新见解，也可以在混合相云上进行新的见解，尤其是在不同频率下与雷达结合使用。多频雷达测量值能够揭示不同的Hydrometeor特性，但在X-，K-和W波段的通常组合中包括G波段仍处于起步阶段。因此，我们的目标是具有完整多普勒能力的仪器，该仪器首次在这种基于地面的测量中，以增强对云微物理过程的理解。 Microwave遥感是科隆大学的主要专家，在各个地区开发了新技术，运营地面和空中仪器，并与全球许多团体合作利用测量值。我们计划在Polar 5飞机上使用新的G频段雷达进行水蒸气分析和北极云（Grawac）仪器，并在AWIPEV（Alfred Wegener极性和海洋研究所（AWI）和法国极地研究所和Paul Emile Victor（IPEV）的Paul Emile Victor（IPEV））研究站的NY-OKLESUND，SVALBARD的NY-OVERICENTINCTIONS COMPARITINACTARICATIONS AMERICATIC AMERICATIC AMERICATIC AMORINGIATY AMORINGIATION AMERICATIOND AMORINGIATION'这样，仪器应成为TR172第三阶段的关键组成部分。此外，我们计划在Jülich天文台部署该仪器的云进化（Joyce）是欧洲气溶胶，云和跟踪气体研究基础设施（ACTRIS）的一部分，以调查传感器协同效应在典型的中期仪式站点上的全部好处，并以这种方式为下一代基于地面的监视系统做好准备。