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Study of Nanocellulose as a New Proton Conducting Material for Fuel Cells and Electrolysers

纳米纤维素作为燃料电池和电解槽新型质子传导材料的研究

基本信息

批准号：
17K14087
负责人：
バイヤートーマス
金额：
$ 2.08万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2017-04-01 至 2018-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17K14087/
关键词：
Nanomaterial Nanocellulose Proton conductivity Fuel cell Water elctrolysis Fuel Cell Electrolyzer Proton Exchange Membrane

项目摘要

Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) membranes were used as benchmark materials (lower and upper limit of crystallinity). Previously prepared sulfonated nanocellulose (S-CNF) was further investigated and characterized.The CNF membrane had high oxidative stability and retained most of its mass during Fenton test (97.5%), comparable to Nafion (99.3 %). S-CNF was less stable (64.3% mass-retention). The IEC of CNF, CNC and S-CNF are 0.016, 0.003 and 0.090 mmol g-1. A PEFC fabricated with a 30 micron thick S-CNF membrane showed an approx. 2 orders of magnitude lower in-situ hydrogen crossover than Nafion, meeting DOE requirements. In order to investigate the impact of crystallinity on conductivity, blends of CNF and CNC were prepared and electrochemical characterized via EIS. The proton conductivity increased with increasing CNC/CNF ratio, approaching the conductivity of pure CNC. Blocking layer measurements confirmed same proton conduction mechanism as in Nafion. In- and through-plane measurements unveiled high conductivity anisotropy in CNF and CNC. TEMPO-oxidized CNF was prepared. The proton conductivity increased by factor 10 (max. 1.9 mS/cm at 120°C, increased activation energy) and the membrane maintained high mechanical strength and bending capability.For benchmark reasons, water electrolysis MEAs were prepared using Nafion and Aquivion, and their performance and durability was investigated from 80 to 120°C. Aquivion based MEAs showed better performance and high durability at 120°C, whereas the Nafion-based MEA failed after only 15h operation.

以纤维素纳米纤维(CNF)和纤维素纳米晶(NC)膜为基准材料(结晶度下限和上限)。对制备的磺化纳米纤维素(S-CNF)进行了进一步的研究和表征，CNF膜具有很高的氧化稳定性，在Fenton试验中保持了大部分质量(97.5%)，与Nafion(99.3%)相当。S-CNF稳定性较差(64.3%为质量滞留)。CNF、中国网通和S-CNF的离子交换容量分别为0.016、0.003和0.090 mmolg-1。用30微米厚的S-CNF膜制作的质子交换膜燃料电池显示出了类似的结果。原位氢交叉比Nafion低2个数量级，满足能源部要求。为了研究结晶度对导电性的影响，制备了CNF/CNF共混物，并用交流阻抗谱对其进行了电化学表征。随着碳纳米管/碳纳米管比例的增加，质子电导率增加，接近纯碳纳米管的电导率。阻挡层测量证实了与Nafion相同的质子传导机制。面内和通面测量揭示了CNF和CnC的高电导率各向异性。制备了TEMPO氧化的CNF。质子电导率增加了10倍(最大。出于基准原因，以Nafion和Aquivion为原料制备了水电解MEA，并考察了其在80~120℃的性能和耐久性，结果表明，基于Nafion和Aquivion的MEA在120℃下表现出更好的性能和较高的耐久性，而基于Nafion的MEA在运行仅15h后就失效了。