Excited states of surface electrons and dynamics of adsorbates

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We have studied dynamics of the atoms and electrons of low-dimensional systems localized at solid surface on the basis of the knowledge of their atomic and electronic structures. Uniaxial anisotropy is found in the distribution of electronic states and the relaxation of electron momentum for newly-fabricated surface systems with one-dimensional and nanometer-scale structures. Motion of atoms at surface is induced by electron energy injected to the surface electronic states through the energy transfer from kinetic energy of the electrons to surface vibration energy of the lattice systems.