Genome-wide association study of elite sprint athletes

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Elite human athletic performance is a multifactorial trait and previous candidate gene studies have been inconclusive. Three genome-wide association studies of elite Jamaican, African-American and Japanese sprint athletes and their matched controls were performed to identify common genetic variants associated with this elite trait. No SNPs exceeded the conventional GWAS significance threshold of 5 x 10-8 in the respective cohorts. Two SNPs within the GALNT13 (Pcombined = 4.66 x 10-7 for rs10196189) and the CREM genes (Pcombined= 1.88 x 10-6 for rs1531550) attained P < 2 x 10-6 after meta-analysis. Two putative loci for elite sprint performance across Jamaicans, African-Americans and Japanese sprinters have been discovered using a genome-wide association approach followed by meta-analysis. Further validation of these signals requires replication before functional dissection can be carried out.