Antarctic Cryosphere evolution: To evaluate the role of the Southern Ocean in the global climate system during the Quaternary

在南大洋的印度板块康拉德隆起发现了大规模的沉积物波结构。沉积物波最有可能是由底流与南极环极流相互作用形成的。根据地震调查，认为在1.5 Ma左右，ACC向北迁移。末次冰期冬季海冰边缘显著向北移动，纬度至少在15度左右。这表明由于咸水的输入减少，南大洋表层水分层。此外，在冰川南印度洋发生了千年尺度的冷却和海冰扩张。

Large-scale sediment wave structures were discovered on the Conrad Rise, Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. The sediment waves are most likely formed by bottom current interactions with the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). Based on the seismic survey, it is thought that the ACC was migrated to the north at about 1.5 Ma.Winter sea-ice edge was significantly shifted to the north at least about 15 degrees as latitude during the last glacial period. This indicated that the Southern Ocean surface water was stratified due to input of less saline water. In addition, the millennial-scale cooling and sea-ice expansion were occurred in the glacial South Indian Ocean.