Antarctic Cryosphere evolution: To evaluate the role of the Southern Ocean in the global climate system during the Quaternary

在南大洋印度洋部分的康拉德隆起发现了大规模的沉积物波浪结构。沉积物波很可能是由底流与南极绕极流(ACC)相互作用形成的。根据地震调查，认为ACC大约在1.5 Ma左右向北迁移。在最后一次冰期，冬季海冰边缘明显向北移动了约15度。这表明南大洋表层水由于较少的咸水输入而分层。此外，在冰川的南印度洋发生了千年尺度的冷却和海冰膨胀。

Large-scale sediment wave structures were discovered on the Conrad Rise, Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. The sediment waves are most likely formed by bottom current interactions with the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). Based on the seismic survey, it is thought that the ACC was migrated to the north at about 1.5 Ma.Winter sea-ice edge was significantly shifted to the north at least about 15 degrees as latitude during the last glacial period. This indicated that the Southern Ocean surface water was stratified due to input of less saline water. In addition, the millennial-scale cooling and sea-ice expansion were occurred in the glacial South Indian Ocean.