Development of crop management techniques for higher yield by optimun control of root zone environment

为了快速、方便地采集根际土壤样品进行生物量测定，采用了用不锈钢网布将根际土壤分成3个隔室的根箱。在番茄栽培试验中，根际土壤取样方法与根际土壤采样法相比，根箱的使用效果明显。覆盖方式或行覆盖类型的差异会影响行覆盖下的小气候和根区的热环境。为了弄清行盖下的小气候和根区的热状况，我们给出了观测结果，并将这些结果与数值试验结果进行了比较。模拟实验结果与观测结果吻合较好。‘植物的生长不仅与积温有关，而且与行盖与地表之间的太阳辐射有关。有趣的是，…的结果加拿大阿加西科考站蛋裤行覆膜栽培地膜材料颜色试验。产量由高到低依次为绿、棕、黑、透明。原因被认为是覆盖物。材料对地膜表面以上上部既有地膜反射光作用，也有固体加热作用。效果，即绿色的影响，使植物的开花促进。另一方面，由于地膜材料的价格是绿棕黑色透明的，因此，地膜材料的价格与蔬菜产量之间不存在相关性，寻找优势路径是考虑田间非饱和水分运动模拟模型的最困难的问题之一。今年，我们研究了均质双层土壤中由于不稳定的湿润锋运动而导致的指进现象，这些土壤的上层比下面的层更细，导电性更差。较少

In order to sample the rhizosphere soil quickly and easily for biomass measurement, " rhizobox which was divided into 3 compartments by stainless mesh fabrics was applied. Utility of rhizobox was observed clearly as compared with the sampling method of rhizosphere soil by finger in the experiment of tomato cultivation.There are many kind of row covers, each differing in material and prosity. these differences in covering method or row cover type can affect the microclimate under the row cover and thermal environment of root zone. To clarify the microclimate under the row cover and the thermal conditions at the root zone, We presented the observation results and compared these results with the numerical-experiments results. Fairly reasonable agreement can be obtained between simulation experiments and observation results. ' The plant growth is not only relaed to the accumulated temperature but also to the solar radiation between row cover and soil surface.It is interested that the resul … More ts of the experiment on the color of plastic mulching materials in row mulch cultivation of egglpants at Agassiz Research Station, Canada. The yields was in the order of green brown black transparent one. The reason was thought to be the mulch. materials could effect to the upper part above the mulch surface in reflecting of light from mulch as well as soiI heating. effect, that is, green color effected to make flowering of plants promote. On the other hand, price of mulch materials is in the order of green brown black transparent one, therefore, there was no correlation between price of mulch materials and vegetable yields.Fingering behaving as the preferential-pathways is one of the most difficult problems to consider the simulating model of unsaturated water movement in the field. This year, we studied the fingering caused as the result of unstable wetting front movement in homogenious, two layered soil whose upper layer is finer and less conductive than the coarser than layer beneath. Less