The River Weschnitz Fluvioscape and its Interaction with the Lorsch Abbey

WESCHNITZ FLUVIOSCAPE合作研究项目研究了Weschnitz洪泛平原通往河流人类圈的道路，主要由Lorsch修道院（联合国教科文组织世界遗产，联邦黑森州）及其世俗继承者组成。研究区域包括莱茵河系统的一个中等规模的支流，并提供了一个敏感的社会环境变化的热点，一个很好的关键领域，研究社会和自然过程及其相互作用的longue durée。在该项目框架内，环境历史学家、自然地理学家和考古学家在档案馆和图书馆、实地和实验室就历史文件、地图、人工制品和沉积档案密切合作，采用现代和创新方法，并进行联合数据管理。该程序能够对所有数据进行系统的叠加和分析，作为WESCHNITZ FLUVIOSCAPE重建和建模的基础。洛尔施修道院独特的手抄本和对修道院历史的深入研究为从公元762年建立起的人类与环境相互作用的研究提供了一个很好的起点，直到研究较少的中世纪晚期和现代早期。高地下水位和间歇性洪水事件是人类土地和水的使用、住区活动和过河的主要挑战。我们假设，这些挑战引发了河流改道，渠道，大坝和桥梁建设，以及防洪措施。此外，来自农业、渔业和内陆航运以及具有相关影响的碾磨、采矿和制革活动的利益攸关方之间的各种冲突（例如，污染）的资料来自WESCHNITZ FLUVIOSCAPE。因此，我们假设利益相关者通过操纵和工程河流及其洪泛区进入高度人工的河流景观来管理这些挑战和冲突。目前的景观仍然受到这些过去人类影响的高度控制，也影响了自然保护，文化遗产和土地开垦等现代问题。通过加入人类环境信息，WESCHNITZ FLUVIOSCAPE项目确定，量化和分类为什么，何时以及如何人们决定逐步将准自然环境转变为现在的Weschnitz河流湖泊。我们的目标是更好地了解当地和区域利益相关者如何成为重要的控制因素。总的来说，该项目将通过使用高度跨学科的多方法方法，评估人为、气候和水文事件的影响，以及这一特定的多样性和动态社会-自然河流景观的脆弱性和复原力。

The WESCHNITZ FLUVIOSCAPE collaborative research project studies the Weschnitz floodplain on its way to a Fluvial Anthroposphere, mostly formed by the Lorsch Abbey (UNESCO World Heritage Site, Federal State of Hessen) and its secular successors. The study area encompasses a medium scaled tributary of the River Rhine system and offers, as a hotspot of sensitive socio-environmental changes, an excellent key area to study social and natural processes and their interaction on the longue durée. Within the framework of the project, environmental historians, physical geographers and archaeologists work closely together on historical documents, maps, artefacts and sedimentary archives, in archives and libraries, in the field and in the laboratory, using modern and innovative methods, and operate a joint data management. This procedure enables a systematic overlay and analysis of all data as a base for reconstructing and modelling the WESCHNITZ FLUVIOSCAPE. The unique codices of Lorsch Abbey and the well-studied history of the abbey offer an excellent starting point to expand research on human-environmental interactions from the foundation in 762 AD onwards until the less researched Late Medieval and Early Modern period. High groundwater table and episodic flood events represented major challenges for human land and water use, settlements activities and the crossing of the river. We hypothesize that these challenges provoked river diversions, channel, dam and bridge constructions, and flood reduction measures. In addition, various conflicts between stakeholders from farming, fishing and inland navigation, as well as milling, mining and tanning activities with associated impact (e.g., pollution) are documented from the WESCHNITZ FLUVIOSCAPE. We therefore hypothesize that stakeholders managed these challenges and conflicts by manipulating and engineering the river and its floodplain into a highly artificial fluvioscape. The present landscape is still highly controlled by these past human impacts, also affecting modern issues such as nature conservation, cultural heritage and land reclamation aspects. By joining human-environmental information, the WESCHNITZ FLUVIOSCAPE project identifies, quantifies and classifies why, when and how people decided to transform stepwise a quasi-natural setting into the present Weschnitz fluvial anthroposphere. We aim to better understand how local and regional stakeholders became significant controlling factors. Overall, the project will evaluate the impacts of anthropogenic, climatic and hydrologic events, and the vulnerability and resilience of this specific multifarious and dynamic socio-natural fluvioscape by the use of a highly interdisciplinary multi-method approach.