Pheromonal control of the hypothalamo-limbic function

下丘脑边缘系统功能的信息素控制

• 批准号: 15GS0306
• 负责人: MORI Yuji
• 金额: $ 359.92万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Creative Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15GS0306/
• 关键词: mammals; primer pheromone; structure determination; chemical synthesis; limbic-hypothalamic system; neuroethology; pheromone receptor; mechanism of pheromone production

Primer pheromones profoundly influence the brain function and thereby induce various physiological as well as behavoral responses in mammals. Although such phenomena have long been documented, little is known about mammalian primer pheromones. The present study was conducted in order to draw a comprehensive picture of chemical communication via pheromones in mammalian species by focusing on two representative pheromone models, namely the "male effect" pheromone in ruminants and "alarm" pheromone in rodents. We investigated mechanisms of production, perception, neural pathway of these pheromones, and also tried to isolate and identify responsible molecules as pheromone candidates.The "male effect" is a pheromone-induced gonadal activation, which is particularly well known in sheep and goats. The hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator is the target of this pheromone action. We have revealed that the pheromone is perceived by V1R receptors located at both the vomeronasal and olfactory epitheli … More um. Pheromone information is then transmitted via amygdala to the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus and stimulates the kisspeptin neuron, which is found to play a key role in generating the pulsatility of GnRH neurosecretion. During the term of this research project we could isolate and identify 16 candidate pheromone substances, of which mixture shows "male effect" pheromone like activity.The "alarm" pheromone is, on the other hand, an olfactory signal, which is emitted from stressed animal for dissemination of potential dangers to family or group members. We have cralified that the pheromone is a water soluble volatile substance released from the peri-anal gland of the donor animal and it is perceived by the vomeronasal organ of the recipient, of which anxiety level is elevated resulting in the increase of risk-assessment as well as defensive behaviors and exacerbation of accompanying autonomic responses. By establishing a bioassay system for the alarm pheromone with measurement of the acoustic startle response we could isolate a candidate pheromone substance, which is currently under investigation for its chemical structure. Less

信息素对哺乳动物的脑功能有着深刻的影响，并能诱导哺乳动物产生各种生理和摄食反应。虽然这种现象早已被记录在案，但对哺乳动物的引物信息素知之甚少。本研究以反刍动物的“雄性效应”信息素和啮齿动物的“报警”信息素两种典型信息素模型为研究对象，旨在全面了解哺乳动物通过信息素进行的化学通讯。我们研究了这些信息素的产生、感知、神经通路的机制，并试图分离和鉴定出信息素候选者的相关分子。“雄性效应”是信息素诱导的性腺激活，这在绵羊和山羊中尤为常见。下丘脑GnRH脉冲发生器是这种信息素作用的目标。我们已经发现，信息素是由位于犁鼻和嗅觉上皮细胞的V1R受体感知的。 ...更多信息 嗯.信息素信息然后通过杏仁核传递到下丘脑的弓状核，并刺激kisspeptin神经元，这被发现在产生GnRH神经分泌的脉动中起关键作用。本研究期间共分离鉴定出16种候选信息素物质，其中混合物表现出“雄性效应”信息素样活性，而“报警”信息素则是动物应激时发出的一种嗅觉信号，用于向家庭或群体成员传播潜在的危险。我们已经证实，信息素是一种水溶性挥发性物质，从供体动物的肛周腺释放，它被接受者的犁鼻器感知，其焦虑水平升高，导致风险评估增加，以及防御行为和伴随的自主反应加剧。通过建立一个生物测定系统的报警信息素与测量的声学惊吓反应，我们可以分离出一个候选信息素物质，这是目前正在调查其化学结构。少

项目成果

Neuroendocrine control of reproductive function in ruminants

反刍动物生殖功能的神经内分泌控制

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Anim Sci J 78
• 作者: Okamura H.;Ohkura S.
• 通讯作者: Ohkura S.

Distribution of Notchl-expressing cells and proliferating cells in mouse vomeronasal organ

小鼠犁鼻器中Notch1表达细胞和增殖细胞的分布

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Neurosci Lett 411
• 作者: Wakabayashi Y.;Ichikawa M.
• 通讯作者: Ichikawa M.

Morphological evidence for two types of Mammalian vomeronasal system.

• DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjh032
• 发表时间: 2004-05
• 期刊: Chemical senses
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: S. Takigami;Y. Mori;Y. Tanioka;M. Ichikawa

Scent-marking and sexual activity may reflect social hierarchy among group-living male Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus)

气味标记和性活动可能反映了群体生活的雄性蒙古沙鼠（Meriones unguiculatus）的社会等级制度

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Physiol Behav 89
• 作者: Shimozuru M.;Kikusui T.;Takeuchi Y.;Mori Y.
• 通讯作者: Mori Y.

Increase in the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-containing neurons in a primary culture system of the rat accessory olfactory bulb by co-culture with vomeronasal pockets

通过与犁鼻袋共培养，增加大鼠副嗅球原代培养系统中含有酪氨酸羟化酶的神经元的数量

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Neuroscience 116
• 作者: Muramoto K.;Osada T.;Kato-Negishi M.;Kuroda Y.;Ichikawa M.
• 通讯作者: Ichikawa M.