Pheromonal control of the hypothalamo-limbic function

下丘脑边缘系统功能的信息素控制

• 批准号: 15GS0306
• 负责人: MORI Yuji
• 金额: $ 359.92万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Creative Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15GS0306/
• 关键词: mammals; primer pheromone; structure determination; chemical synthesis; limbic-hypothalamic system; neuroethology; pheromone receptor; mechanism of pheromone production

Primer pheromones profoundly influence the brain function and thereby induce various physiological as well as behavoral responses in mammals. Although such phenomena have long been documented, little is known about mammalian primer pheromones. The present study was conducted in order to draw a comprehensive picture of chemical communication via pheromones in mammalian species by focusing on two representative pheromone models, namely the "male effect" pheromone in ruminants and "alarm" pheromone in rodents. We investigated mechanisms of production, perception, neural pathway of these pheromones, and also tried to isolate and identify responsible molecules as pheromone candidates.The "male effect" is a pheromone-induced gonadal activation, which is particularly well known in sheep and goats. The hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator is the target of this pheromone action. We have revealed that the pheromone is perceived by V1R receptors located at both the vomeronasal and olfactory epitheli … More um. Pheromone information is then transmitted via amygdala to the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus and stimulates the kisspeptin neuron, which is found to play a key role in generating the pulsatility of GnRH neurosecretion. During the term of this research project we could isolate and identify 16 candidate pheromone substances, of which mixture shows "male effect" pheromone like activity.The "alarm" pheromone is, on the other hand, an olfactory signal, which is emitted from stressed animal for dissemination of potential dangers to family or group members. We have cralified that the pheromone is a water soluble volatile substance released from the peri-anal gland of the donor animal and it is perceived by the vomeronasal organ of the recipient, of which anxiety level is elevated resulting in the increase of risk-assessment as well as defensive behaviors and exacerbation of accompanying autonomic responses. By establishing a bioassay system for the alarm pheromone with measurement of the acoustic startle response we could isolate a candidate pheromone substance, which is currently under investigation for its chemical structure. Less

引子信息素深刻地影响着哺乳动物的大脑功能，从而诱导哺乳动物的各种生理和行为反应。虽然这种现象早已被记录在案，但对哺乳动物的引子信息素知之甚少。本研究旨在通过研究两种具有代表性的信息素模型，即反刍动物的“雄性效应”信息素和啮齿类动物的“报警”信息素，来全面描述哺乳动物物种中通过信息素进行化学交流的情况。我们研究了这些信息素的产生、感知和神经途径的机制，并试图分离和鉴定负责的分子作为信息素候选者。“雄性效应”是信息素诱导的性腺激活，这在绵羊和山羊中尤为常见。下丘脑GnRH脉冲发生器是这种信息素作用的目标。我们已经揭示了信息素是由位于犁鼻和嗅觉上皮…的V1R受体感知的。更多的嗯。信息素信息随后通过杏仁核传递到下丘脑的弓状核，并刺激Kispeptin神经元，后者被发现在产生GnRH神经分泌的脉动性中起关键作用。在本研究项目期间，我们可以分离和鉴定16种候选信息素物质，其中的混合物具有类似雄性效应的信息素活性。另一方面，警报信息素是一种嗅觉信号，从应激动物发出的信号，将潜在的危险传播给家庭或群体成员。我们已经证实，信息素是一种从供体动物肛周腺体释放出来的水溶性挥发性物质，它被受体的犁鼻器感知，焦虑水平上升，导致风险评估以及防御行为的增加和伴随的自主神经反应的加剧。通过建立警报信息素的生物检测系统，结合声学惊吓反应的测量，我们可以分离出一种候选信息素物质，目前正在对其化学结构进行研究。较少

项目成果

Neuroendocrine control of reproductive function in ruminants

反刍动物生殖功能的神经内分泌控制

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Anim Sci J 78
• 作者: Okamura H.;Ohkura S.
• 通讯作者: Ohkura S.

Distribution of Notchl-expressing cells and proliferating cells in mouse vomeronasal organ

小鼠犁鼻器中Notch1表达细胞和增殖细胞的分布

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Neurosci Lett 411
• 作者: Wakabayashi Y.;Ichikawa M.
• 通讯作者: Ichikawa M.

Morphological evidence for two types of Mammalian vomeronasal system.

• DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjh032
• 发表时间: 2004-05
• 期刊: Chemical senses
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: S. Takigami;Y. Mori;Y. Tanioka;M. Ichikawa

Scent-marking and sexual activity may reflect social hierarchy among group-living male Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus)

气味标记和性活动可能反映了群体生活的雄性蒙古沙鼠（Meriones unguiculatus）的社会等级制度

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Physiol Behav 89
• 作者: Shimozuru M.;Kikusui T.;Takeuchi Y.;Mori Y.
• 通讯作者: Mori Y.

Increase in the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-containing neurons in a primary culture system of the rat accessory olfactory bulb by co-culture with vomeronasal pockets

通过与犁鼻袋共培养，增加大鼠副嗅球原代培养系统中含有酪氨酸羟化酶的神经元的数量

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Neuroscience 116
• 作者: Muramoto K.;Osada T.;Kato-Negishi M.;Kuroda Y.;Ichikawa M.
• 通讯作者: Ichikawa M.