Forest growth cycle of mixed dipterocarp forests with special reference to the chages of forest stratifiction

本文研究了东南亚物种丰富的植物和动物王国的象征--龙脑果混交林的森林生长周期，特别是森林分层随时间和生境梯度的变化。实地调查于1986年12月至1987年3月在东马来西亚沙捞越的Bako、Lambir和Bukit Mersing区的龙果混交林中，通过在研究森林的斜坡上建立5~8条带样带(长200米，宽20米)，对成熟大小(胸径超过30厘米)的活树和枯树进行计数，根据枯死树、林隙和再生树的记录，对三个研究区的树木倒伏模式进行了估计，认为土壤肥力在森林生长周期中起着重要的作用，因为肥沃的土壤最终导致树木生长迅速，成熟树高大，林隙大，森林生长周期的周转时间短。利用对称型差值图对森林分层进行了分析。引入一个识别森林层数的参数(I)，计算了层内的平均树高(Hi)和密度(PI)。HI和PI满足关系Loghi=logK-hlogPI，其中h&k是特定于林分的系数。如果固定i，则Hi随林分最大树高(Hmax)的增加而线性增加。这种Hmax与Hi的关系也表明土壤肥力对森林分层的重要影响，因为Hmax代表了立地质量指数。根据这些结果，估计了森林生长周期的动态特征，并将其整合到树高准1/2幂定律或Pi-Hi关系的对偶原理中。

This study deals with a forest growth cycle of a mixed dipterocarp forest or symbol of plant and animal kingdoms with rich species in South east Asea, with special reference to the changes of forest stratification with time and habitat gradients.The field research was made over a period of three months from December 1986 to March 1987 in the mixed dipterocarp forests at Bako-, Lambir-, and Bukit Mersing District, in Sarawak, East Malaysia, by establishing five to eight belt transects (200 m long and 20 m wide) on slopes in the study forests for the enumeration of living- and dead trees with mature size (over 30 cm in diameter at breast height), canopy gaps from dead trees, and small regenerated plants in gaps, and by making profile pits for soil studies.Tree fall patterns in three study areas were estimated from the records of dead trees, gaps, regenerated trees, and suggested an important role of soil fertility in the forest growth cycle, since fertile soil resulted in rapid tree growth, huge mature trees, large gaps, and shorter turn over time in forest growth cycle, ultimately. Forest stratification was analyzed by using the symmetric type difference diagram. Introducing a parameter(i) for identifying forest stories, mean tree height(Hi) and tree density(Pi) in a story were calculated. Hi and Pi satisfied the relation logHi=logK-hlogPi, where h & k are coefficients specific to a stand. If we fixed i, Hi increased linearly with an increase of the maximum tree height(Hmax) in the forest stand. This Hmax vs. Hi relation also suggested an important effect of soil fertility on forest stratification because Hmax represented a site quality index. From these results, the dynamic feature of forest growth cycle was estimated and integrated into the duality principle of the quasi-1/2 power law of tree height or Pi-Hi relation.