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Niche differentiation of Dipterocarpaceae and Fagaceae-a study in Asian rain forest-

龙脑香科和壳斗科的生态位分化-亚洲雨林的研究-

基本信息

批准号：
08041155
负责人：
YAMAKURA Takuo
金额：
$ 6.98万
依托单位：
Osaka City University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. Research on Dipterocarpaceae at a tropical lowland rainforest of SarawakDistribution of 73 species and 9 subspecies of dipterocarps were analyzed in a 52 ha plot, and 73% of the examined species had distribution pattern depending on the topography. The fact suggest tht the topographical niche differentiation might contribute to enable the coexistence of dipterocarps in the plot. This analysis was also made for non-dipterocarp taxon, and same results were achieved. Canopy gap formation rate and recovery rate were estimated by using aerial photographs and by the land survey. There werer two types of gaps : one type was formed by the land slide associated with heavy rain and the other was formed by the tree falls. Two types of gap formation differed the frequency and recovery process and the various regeneration niches for the tree species were provided through two gap formation process. The contribution of the diversity of regeneration niche to the coexistence of tree species will be analyzed near future. Genetic analyzes were made for two species of genus Dryobalanops. Both of the species showed high genetic differentiation among the local populations located in 52 ha, indicating the high genetic diversity of the species. On the contrary, genetic distance between two sympatric species was quite small indicating niche differentiation and speciation of the two species had occurred recently.2. Research on Fagaceae at a montane rainforest of ThailandA research plot of 15 hapiot was established and the tree census in 7.5 ha area and identification in 3.0 ha area were completed. Gaps in 3.0 ha area was also mapped. Preliminary data analysis clarified that many Fagaceae species showed the distribution pattern associated with special topography or gaps. The niche differentiation among Fagaceae species will be analyzed qualitatively near future.

1.在52公顷的样地中分析了73种和9亚种的龙脑香科植物的分布，73%的被调查物种具有依赖于地形的分布格局。这一事实表明，地形生态位分化可能有助于使龙脑香类在样地中共存。对非龙脑香果类群也进行了分析，得到了相同的结果。利用航空摄影和土地调查估算了林窗形成率和恢复率。林隙有两种类型：一种是由暴雨引起的滑坡形成的林隙，另一种是由树木福尔斯形成的林隙。两种林隙形成的频率和恢复过程不同，两种林隙形成过程为树种提供了不同的更新生态位。更新生态位的多样性对树种共存的贡献将在不久的将来进行分析。对鳞头蝠属的两个种进行了遗传分析。这两个物种在52公顷的当地种群中表现出较高的遗传分化，表明该物种具有较高的遗传多样性。相反，同域种间的遗传距离很小，表明两种植物最近才发生生态位分化和物种形成.泰国山地雨林壳斗科植物的研究建立了15株壳斗的研究样地，完成了7.5公顷的树木普查和3.0公顷的树木鉴定。还绘制了3.0公顷区域的空白图。初步的数据分析表明，许多壳斗科植物的分布格局与特殊的地形或林隙有关。对壳斗科物种间的生态位分化进行了定性分析。