SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF PRIMATES IN WEST AFRICA

1988年在湿润地区开展了刚果、喀麦隆和赤道几内亚森林结构与灵长类物种组成关系的研究，在干旱地区开展了喀麦隆Kala Maloue国家公园旱地猕猴社会生态学研究。在这些研究之后，数据分析正在进行中，其中一名研究成员于1989年在刚果收集了比较数据。湿区森林结构可划分为热带半落叶林、热带常绿林和热带山地林三种类型。灵长类动物的种类和密度在喀麦隆东南部至刚果北部的热带半落叶林中最为丰富。特别是刚果北部的Bomasa森林是灵长类动物最丰富的地方。在Kala Maloue国家公园的研究区域，发现了热带草原猴和热带草原猴。虽然它们的系统关系非常密切，但交配季节彼此不同。本研究旨在通过对其行为的分析来阐明这种差异的最终因素。结果表明，热带草原猴的摄食行为适应于不稳定的食物环境，而热带草原猴的摄食行为适应于河流森林等稳定的食物环境。这种差异影响了这两个物种之间的交配季节。1988年在喀麦隆的Kala Maloue国家公园收集了雌性帕塔猴的社会互动数据，对雌性的生殖状况和群体规模进行了分析。雌性在生育季节的社会交往分布与非生育季节有所不同，似乎是新生儿的出现导致了分布的变化。

In 1988, studies in wet areas were carried out on the relationship between forest structure and primate species composition in Congo, Cameroon, and Equatrial Guinea, and the studies in dry area were carried out on socio-ecology of patas monkeys in the Kala Maloue National Park in Cameroon. Following these studies, data analysis was in the process and one of the research members collected comparative data in Congo in 1989.Three types of forest structure-tropical semi-deciduous forest, tropical evergreen forest, and tropical mountain forest-could be categorized in the wet areas. Primate species and density were most abundant in the tropical semi-deciduous forest found from south-eastern Cameroon to northern Congo. Especially, the Bomasa forest in northern Congo was the richest in the primate aboundances.Patas monkeys and savanna monkeys are found together in the study area, the Kala Maloue National Park. Although their systematic relation is very close, the mating season is defferent to each other. This study aims to clarify the ultimate factors of this difference through the analysis of their behavior. The results show that feeding behaviors of patas monkeys adapt to the mosaic and unstable food environment, while those of savanna monkeys adapt to the stable foodenvironment such as the riverine forest. These difference affects the mating seasons between these twe species.The data of the social interactions among female patas monkeys, which were collected in 1988 in the Kala Maloue National Park in Cameroon, were analysed, in terms of the reproductive condition of females and the size of their groups. The distribution of social interactions among females in the birth season was different from that in non-birth season, and it seems that the appearance of new-born babies led to the change of the distribution.