SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF PRIMATES IN WEST AFRICA

1988年，在刚果、喀麦隆和赤道几内亚，在潮湿地区进行了森林结构与灵长类物种组成关系的研究，在干旱地区进行了喀麦隆Kala Maloue国家公园帕塔斯猴的社会生态学研究。在这些研究之后，进行了数据分析，其中一名研究人员收集了1989年在刚果的比较数据。在潮湿地区，热带半落叶林、热带常绿林和热带山地森林可分为三种类型的森林结构。从喀麦隆东南部到刚果北部发现的热带半落叶森林中，灵长类物种和密度最多。特别是，刚果北部的博马萨森林是灵长类物种最丰富的地区。在卡拉·马鲁国家公园的研究区域，发现了帕塔猴和稀树草原猴。虽然它们的系统亲缘关系很近，但交配季节不同。本研究旨在通过对他们行为的分析，阐明造成这种差异的根本因素。结果表明，帕塔斯猴的觅食行为适应于马赛克和不稳定的食物环境，而稀树草原猴则适应稳定的食物环境，如河边森林。对1988年在喀麦隆Kala Maloue国家公园收集的雌性帕塔斯猴的社会互动数据进行了分析，从雌性的繁殖状况和群体规模方面进行了分析。女性在出生季节与非出生季节的社交分布不同，似乎是新生儿的出现导致了这种分布的变化。

In 1988, studies in wet areas were carried out on the relationship between forest structure and primate species composition in Congo, Cameroon, and Equatrial Guinea, and the studies in dry area were carried out on socio-ecology of patas monkeys in the Kala Maloue National Park in Cameroon. Following these studies, data analysis was in the process and one of the research members collected comparative data in Congo in 1989.Three types of forest structure-tropical semi-deciduous forest, tropical evergreen forest, and tropical mountain forest-could be categorized in the wet areas. Primate species and density were most abundant in the tropical semi-deciduous forest found from south-eastern Cameroon to northern Congo. Especially, the Bomasa forest in northern Congo was the richest in the primate aboundances.Patas monkeys and savanna monkeys are found together in the study area, the Kala Maloue National Park. Although their systematic relation is very close, the mating season is defferent to each other. This study aims to clarify the ultimate factors of this difference through the analysis of their behavior. The results show that feeding behaviors of patas monkeys adapt to the mosaic and unstable food environment, while those of savanna monkeys adapt to the stable foodenvironment such as the riverine forest. These difference affects the mating seasons between these twe species.The data of the social interactions among female patas monkeys, which were collected in 1988 in the Kala Maloue National Park in Cameroon, were analysed, in terms of the reproductive condition of females and the size of their groups. The distribution of social interactions among females in the birth season was different from that in non-birth season, and it seems that the appearance of new-born babies led to the change of the distribution.