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Evolutionary Ecology of Primates in Dry Habitat of Africa

非洲干旱生境中灵长类动物的进化生态学

基本信息

批准号：
02041104
负责人：
KAWAI Masao
金额：
$ 10.24万
依托单位：
Japan Monkey Centre
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We conducted survey on the hybridization between Papio hamadryas and Papio anubis along the Wabi-Shebeli river, southern Ethiopia in 1990. While conspicuous hybridization occurred only in a narrow area along the river, the low ratio of hybridization occurred in a very wide area depending on the migration of solitary anubis males.The hamadryas baboons in the Bale Region live in arid and highest altitude (2400m) habitat which correspond to the gelada's. The activity pattern and food habits of hamadryas baboons were studied. The group used larger proportion of its time budget for moving than the groups in the lowland, because of poor habitat for finding fruits. Thus the study site seemed a limit for their adaptation to high altitude. This is important for the evaluation of their phylogeny, adaptation process, and niche separation from geladas.As the security situation in southern Ethiopia was rather unsafe, we changed our subject to gelada baboons in northern Ethiopia in 1991. The gelada baboons also have multi-level society as hamadryas baboons. The gelada group in the village Aboliager, Showa region, was habituated, and could be observed as near as in five meters. The group showed extraordinary low ratio of adult males as compared with previous studies. We found various characteristics of low competition among adult males, and could examine the factors for the establishment of one-male-unit in this condition.We captured 43 geladas, and took their blood samples in the Semien National Park, northern Ethiopia. This will be analyzed and be compared with our former research in Fiche, Showa Region in order to examine the genetic difference in local populations.Dr. H. Ohsawa studied on social and reproductive behaviors of patas monkeys in southern Saher edge. The sexual competition between group males and outsiders was observed.

1990年，我们在埃塞俄比亚南部的Wabi-Shebeli河边对Papio hamadryas和Papio Anubis的杂交进行了调查。仅在河边狭小范围内有明显的交配，但交配率很低，这取决于独居的阿努比斯雄性在很大范围内的迁徙。巴勒地区的哈马德里亚狒狒生活在干旱和海拔最高(2400m)的栖息地，与狐猴的栖息地相对应。由于寻找水果的栖息地较差，该群体在迁徙上使用的时间预算比例高于低地群体。因此，研究地点似乎限制了它们适应高海拔的能力。这对于评估它们的系统发育、适应过程以及与蜥蜴的生态位分离非常重要。由于埃塞俄比亚南部的安全局势相当不安全，我们于1991年将主题改为埃塞俄比亚北部的格拉达狒狒。格拉达狒狒也像Hamadryas狒狒一样具有多层次的社会地位。昭和地区Aboliager村的Gelada群已经习以为常，在近5米处都能观察到。与之前的研究相比，这组人中成年男性的比例非常低。我们发现了成年雄性之间低竞争的各种特征，并可以研究在这种条件下建立一个雄性单位的因素。我们捕获了43只狐狸，并在埃塞俄比亚北部的塞米安国家公园采集了它们的血液样本。这将被分析，并与我们之前在昭和地区菲切的研究进行比较，以检查当地人口的遗传差异。H.Ohsawa研究了萨赫尔南部边缘地区帕塔斯猴的社会和生殖行为。观察到群体雄性与外来者之间的性竞争。