Konformation geladener Polymere in Lösung und an Grenzflächen

提出的研究涉及水中溶液中带电聚合物理论描述的各个方面。它部分对应于由德国联邦政府资助的卡斯特尔诺沃先生的论文工作的继续，部分对应于与柏林或美因茨的德国同事合作完成的工作。将考虑三个方面：聚电解质吸附、聚两性电解质和反离子冷凝。聚电解质吸附研究的目的是定量描述由带相反电荷的聚电解质连续吸附而形成的聚电解质多层膜。本文将着重讨论两个方面，即链刚度的影响和相邻层间界面上带相反电荷的聚合物之间的络合作用。用吸附的聚电解质包覆颗粒的电泳也将被考虑。在斯特拉斯堡进行的两项实验，从表面拉出的聚两性聚合物链的微观操作以及致密聚两性聚合物溶液的性质，激发了对聚两性聚合物的研究。最后，我们将研究非均匀情况下的反离子冷凝：典型的例子是棒状聚电解质吸附在相反电荷的表面上，或者所谓的珍珠项链结构上的冷凝。

The proposed research deals with various aspects of the theoretical description of charged polymers in solution in water. It corresponds in part to the continuation of the thesis work of M. Castelnovo financed by the DFG and in part to work done in collaboration with German colleagues in Berlin or in Mainz. Three aspects will be considered: polyelectrolyte adsorption, polyampholytes and counterion condensation. The work on polyelectrolyte adsorption will aim at giving a quantitative description of polyelectrolyte multilayers which are formed by successive adsorption of polyelectrolytes of opposite charges. Two aspects will be emphasized, the influence of the chain stiffness and the complexation between polymers of opposite charges at the interface between consecutive layers. The electrophoresis of particles coated with adsorbed polyelectrolytes will also be considered. The work on polyampholyte is motivated by two experiments performed in Strasbourg, the micromanipulation of polyampholyte chains pulled from a surface and the properties of dense polyampholyte solutions. Finally we will study counterion condensation in situations when it is not homogeneous: typical examples are a rodlike polyelectrolyte adsorbing on a surface of opposite charge or the condensation on the so-called pearl-necklace structure.