Geomorphic and tectonic controls on the location of eruptive centers in the Andean magmatic arc of southern Chile

与火山机构演化相关的局部构造应力可能影响浅层岩浆轨迹以及喷发中心和裂隙系统的时空演化。基于物理的建模工具能够预测这种岩浆路径，但由于现场和地质年代学数据稀少，这些模型往往约束较差，无法在具有复杂历史和建筑的火山系统中得到验证。除了十年尺度的仪器观测外，迫切需要更好地了解火山建筑物中地壳应力在各种时间尺度上的演变，这将大大改进这种模型。我们寻求资金来评估侵蚀、沉积和构造对火山建筑物内部和下方局部应力场演变的影响。在千年时间尺度上，我们将调查智利南部拉古纳德尔莫勒和普耶霍-科隆火山的岩浆路径和喷发模式，它们分别在沉积加载和侵蚀卸载的背景下构成终端成员情景。我们将结合地质、地貌和综合观测来检验气候驱动的地表过程的影响可能通过引起火山中心载荷应力的变化和影响岩浆岩脉传播而与构造作用相互作用的假设。这将涉及根据航空摄影和卫星图像生成和分析高分辨率数字地形图、构造和地貌实地测绘以及年轻火山矿床的地质年代学(40Ar/39Ar年代测定)。这些见解将被用来约束岩浆传播的模拟实验，并进一步测试和开发MagmaPropagator工具，以推导出一个通用的、但在时空上真实的火山演化过程模型。我们预计，该项目最终将揭示火山作用、气候驱动的侵蚀和沉积之间以前未被探索的联系，并有助于预测喷发中心的空间特征。

Local tectonic stresses associated with the evolution of volcanic edifices may influence shallow magma trajectories and the spatiotemporal evolution of eruptive centers and fissure systems. Physics-based modelling tools are capable of forecasting such magma pathways, but due to sparse field and geochronological data these models often remain poorly constrained and cannot be validated in volcanic systems with a complex history and architecture. There is an urgent need to better understand the evolution of crustal stresses in volcanic edifices on a variety of timescales beyond decadal-scale instrumental observations, which would significantly improve such models. We seek funding to assess the influence of erosion, sedimentation, and tectonics on the evolution of the local stress field within and below volcanic edifices. On millennial timescales, we will investigate magma pathways and eruptive patterns at the Laguna del Maule and the Puyehue-Cordón Caulle of southern Chile that constitute end-member scenarios in the context of depositional loading and erosional unloading, respectively. We will merge geological, geomorphic, and synthetic observations to test the hypothesis that the effects of climate-driven surface processes may interact with tectonism by causing changes in loading stresses at volcanic centers and influencing magmatic dike propagation. This will involve the generation and analysis of high-resolution digital topography derived from aerial photography and satellite images structural and geomorphic field mapping, and geochronology of young volcanic deposits (40Ar/39Ar dating). These insights will be used to constrain analogue experiments of magma propagation and further test and develop the MagmaPropagator tool to derive a general, yet spatiotemporally realistic model of evolving volcanic processes. We expect that the project will ultimately reveal previously unexplored links between volcanism, climate-driven erosion and sedimentation, but also aid in forecasting the spatial characteristics of eruptive centers.