Interdisciplinary study on degradation of material strength due to high-temperature hydrogen for safety of advanced high-temperature hydrogen technologies

高温氢引起的材料强度退化的跨学科研究，以确保先进高温氢技术的安全

• 批准号: 514742965
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Reiner Kirchheim
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Materialphysik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/514742965?language=en
• 关键词: Interdisciplinary; study; degradation; material; strength

Understanding and controlling the effect of hydrogen on materials is a necessary step toward achieving a carbon-neutral and sustainable future. Structural materials such as Fe- and Ni-based alloys will play a central role in hydrogen generation, storage, transport, and end-use. Hydrogen-induced degradation of these materials at room temperature (hydrogen embrittlement), which poses a serious reliability threat to energy infrastructure, has been extensively studied. The resultant understanding is that room temperature embrittlement is driven either by hydrogen enhanced localized plasticity or hydrogen induced decohesion. On the other hand, very little is known about how hydrogen affects the mechanical behavior of structural alloys at elevated temperatures, for example, at the operating temperatures (>500°C) of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOEC) and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) for hydrogen and power generation. Recent studies at macroscopic component level reveal that 600°C hydrogen accelerates creep deformation, but the underlying mechanisms are not understood.The focus of the proposed research is to explore and understand the macroscopic response of materials at high temperatures (>500°C) in terms of atomic level hydrogen interactions with microstructural defects such as vacancies, dislocations, and grain boundaries. These studies are important to develop a mechanistic understanding of the creep behavior of stainless steels that are used in the design of SOECs and SOFCs. The ultimate goal of the project is to develop macroscopic constitutive laws for the creep response of 304 and 310 stainless steels on the basis of defect-level understanding of the effect of hydrogen on dislocation plasticity that can be used in the analysis and design of SOEC and SOFC components against failure.Toward this goal we will use a scale bridging approach consisting of (i) high temperature macro-scale creep testing under gas environment to obtain quantitative information about how creep strain rates depend on hydrogen and microstructure, (ii) in-situ TEM mechanical tests with and without in-situ hydrogen loading to directly observe how hydrogen effects the defects involved in creep, (iii) physical-based kinetics modeling to relate the defect kinetics with creep strain rates and to predict the role of deformation and microstructure on hydrogen degradation, and (iv) from this mechanistic understanding, identification of the processes which must be inhibited to reduce damage.

了解和控制氢对材料的影响是实现碳中性和可持续未来的必要步骤。铁基和镍基合金等结构材料将在氢气的产生、储存、运输和最终使用中发挥核心作用。这些材料在室温下的氢致退化(氢脆)已被广泛研究，这对能源基础设施构成了严重的可靠性威胁。由此得到的理解是，室温脆化要么是由氢增强的局域塑性驱动的，要么是由氢诱导的脱粘作用驱动的。另一方面，关于氢在高温下如何影响结构合金的机械行为，例如在用于氢气和发电的固体氧化物电解电池(SOEC)和固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)的运行温度(&gt；500℃)下，人们知之甚少。最近在宏观成分水平上的研究表明，600℃的氢加速蠕变变形，但其潜在的机制尚不清楚。本研究的重点是探索和理解材料在高温(&gt；500℃)下的宏观响应，即原子水平的氢与微结构缺陷(如空位、位错和晶界)的相互作用。这些研究对于从机理上理解用于SOEC和SOFC设计的不锈钢的蠕变行为具有重要意义。该项目的最终目标是在缺陷水平了解氢对位错塑性的影响的基础上，建立304和310不锈钢蠕变响应的宏观本构关系，用于分析和设计抗失效的SOEC和SOFC部件。为此，我们将使用一种尺度桥方法，包括：(I)气体环境下的高温宏观蠕变试验，以获得蠕变应变率与氢和微观结构的关系的定量信息；(Ii)在有和没有原位氢加载的情况下进行原位透射电子显微镜力学试验，以直接观察氢对蠕变中的缺陷的影响。(Iii)基于物理的动力学建模，将缺陷动力学与蠕变应变率联系起来，并预测变形和微观结构对氢降解的作用，以及(Iv)从机理上的理解，识别必须抑制以减少损伤的过程。