SOCRATES – Social Credibility and Trustworthiness of Expert Knowledge and Science-Based Information

苏格拉底 – 专家知识和基于科学的信息的社会信誉和可信度

• 批准号: 515389225
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Mathias Frisch
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Philosophie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Advanced Studies Centres in SSH
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/515389225?language=en
• 关键词: SOCRATES; Social; Credibility; Trustworthiness; Expert

To fulfill their societal role, the sciences must enjoy some level of trust as an authoritative source of credible and reliable knowledge about the world and at the same time be worthy of that epistemic trust—two goals between which there is often some tension. When controversial issues are at stake, trust in science decreases and common public knowledge often breaks down. Understanding how science can continue to serve as a source of shared knowledge, which not only enjoys trust but also merits it, is one of the most pressing challenges we are facing today. The Center for Advanced Studies SOCRATES aims to address this challenge by investigating the implicit and frequently unanalyzed philosophical presuppositions underlying different attitudes and practices that are significant for trust in science and scientific credibility. By providing a forum for interactions among philosophers across subdisciplines as well as a forum for discursive interdisciplinary engagement among philosophers, sociologists, researchers in communications and media studies, and other social scientists, SOCRATES aims to work toward a comprehensive and coherent philosophical treatment of scientific credibility and trust in science. Desired outcomes include detailed and nuanced characterizations of the different processes by which highly specialized scientific expertise can be credentialed or challenged and undermined, as well as an account of scientific trustworthiness that includes context-specific strategies for how science can improve its credibility or trustworthiness and how trust and trustworthiness can be well-calibrated to one another. To achieve this, the center focuses on the following issues of concern: (i) Trust, trustworthiness, and social values; (ii) Consensus, controversy, and uncertainty-management; (iii) Trustworthiness, the spread of information, and the mediatization of science and (iv) Trustworthiness and the globalization of science. In each of the two funding periods, the Centre will combine theoretical analysis with a systematic and sustained investigation of the problem of scientific credibility in three focal areas. The first funding period will focus on (1) climate science and the climate crisis, (2) scientific expertise in the health sciences (focusing in particular on expertise and trust in the corona pandemic), and (3) credibility within and of the behavioral sciences. The second funding period will be devoted to (4) artificial intelligence and machine learning (5) emerging technologies and (6) Earth system and complexity sciences.

为了履行其社会角色，科学必须享有一定程度的信任，作为关于世界的可信和可靠的知识的权威来源，同时值得这种认识上的信任这两个目标之间往往存在一些紧张关系。当有争议的问题受到威胁时，对科学的信任就会下降，公共知识往往会崩溃。了解科学如何继续作为共享知识的来源，不仅享有信任，而且值得信任，这是我们今天面临的最紧迫的挑战之一。苏格拉底高级研究中心旨在通过调查隐含的和经常未分析的哲学预设来应对这一挑战，这些预设是不同态度和实践的基础，对科学和科学可信度的信任至关重要。通过提供一个跨学科哲学家之间的互动论坛，以及哲学家，社会学家，传播和媒体研究人员和其他社会科学家之间的跨学科参与论坛，苏格拉底旨在努力实现科学可信度和科学信任的全面和连贯的哲学处理。期望的成果包括对高度专业化的科学专门知识可以被授予证书或受到质疑和破坏的不同过程进行详细和细致的描述，以及对科学可信度的说明，其中包括针对具体情况的战略，说明科学如何提高其可信度或可信赖性，以及如何将信任和可信赖性相互校准。为了实现这一目标，该中心重点关注以下问题：（一）信任，可信度和社会价值观;（二）共识，争议和不确定性管理;（三）可信度，信息传播和科学的中介化和（四）可信度和科学的全球化。在两个供资期的每一个期间，中心将把联合收割机理论分析与对三个重点领域的科学可信性问题进行系统和持续的调查相结合。第一个资助期将侧重于（1）气候科学和气候危机，（2）健康科学的科学专业知识（特别侧重于电晕流行病的专业知识和信任），以及（3）行为科学内部和行为科学的可信度。第二个资助期将专门用于（4）人工智能和机器学习（5）新兴技术和（6）地球系统和复杂性科学。