Culture, Lifestyle and Social Stratification

本文利用1999年川崎调查中有关文化活动、品味和生活方式的数据，分析了东京附近川崎市的文化现象与社会结构的关系。我们构建了两套相互竞争的假说，即社会排斥假说和文化杂食假说，发现同时参与高地位文化和低地位文化的文化杂食动物正在增加。文化容忍度随着社会经济地位、文化资本和教育程度的提高而上升，但随着年龄的增长而下降。文化杂食者假说在日本城市得到了支持。流行文化和高雅文化在日本都是常见的文化，因为在这几年里，85%的样本参与了高雅文化活动，83%的样本参与了流行文化。在日本，文化品味和文化消费的含义不同于男性和女性。女性的审美倾向是一种身份文化，并随着文化资本和教育的增加而增加，而男性的审美倾向与工作和教育无关。

Using Data on cultural activities, tastes and lifestyles from 1999 KAWASAKI survey, we analyze the relationship between cultural phenomenon and social structure at kawasaki city, near Tokyo. We formulate two competing sets of hypotheses, which are social exclusion hypothesis and cultural omnivore hypothesis, and find that cultural omnivore which participates in both high-status culture and low-status culture is increasing. Cultural tolerance rises with socio-economic status, cultural capital and education, but decreases with age. Cultural omnivore hypothesis is supported in urban city in Japan. Both popular culture and high culture is common culture in Japan because 85% of the samples participates in high cultural activities and 83% of the samples participates in popular culture in these few years. The meaning of cultural tastes and cultural consumption differs between men and women in Japan. Women's aesthetic disposition is status culture and increases with cultural capital and education, but men's aesthetic disposition do not relate with job and education.