Development of deep-sea plankton and marine snow sampler

深海浮游生物和海洋雪采样器的研制

• 批准号: 09556042
• 负责人: NISHIDA Shuhei
• 金额: $ 4.54万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09556042/
• 关键词: deep sea; gelatinous plankton; marine snow; sampling method; Shinkai 2000; マリンスノ-

A suction sampler with multiple containers was developed for an effective collection of deep-sea pelagic organisms and marine snow. This sampler consists of a movable intake of specimens, rotating multiple sample containers, a suction pump, and a controller. A target specimen is sucked from the intake, and transported through a hose into one of the six containers. The intake is fixed on to the manipulator of a submersible, being able to respond to the movement of target specimens. In 1997 the whole sampler was set up on the basis of the basic plan, tested for movement and pressure resistance, without any serious malfunction. In 1998 the sampler was tested in situ, during dives of the submersible Shinkai 2000 in Sagami Bay, resulting in capture of three medusae but failure of some fast-swimming targets. On the basis of this result, the oil-dipped motor was changed into three interconnected ones to increase power, and the hose was partly improved for use with a cylindrical, gate-valve sampler for larger, more fragile animals. After this improvement the sampler was tested again in situ during a dive of Shinkai 2000. Finally, we successfully collected 10-20 live specimens of squids, cnidarians and crustaceans in fairly good conditions in the depths of 500-1000 m in short times(<3 min). Very fragile gelatinous plankton and crustaceans were also collected by a combined use with a gate-valve sampler.

为有效收集深海浮游生物和海洋雪，开发了一种带有多个容器的抽吸取样器。该采样器由一个可移动的样品入口、旋转的多个样品容器、一个抽吸泵和一个控制器组成。目标样本从入口处被吸入，并通过软管输送到六个容器中的一个。入口固定在潜水器的操纵器上，能够对目标标本的移动做出反应。1997年，根据基本方案，完成了整个采样器的安装，并进行了运动和耐压试验，未发生任何严重故障。1998年，Shinkai 2000号潜水器在相模湾潜水期间对取样器进行了现场测试，结果捕获了三只水母，但未能捕获一些快速游动的目标。在此基础上，油浸马达改为三个互连的马达以增加功率，软管部分改进为用于更大，更脆弱的动物的圆柱形闸阀采样器。改进后的取样器在新海2000潜水期间再次进行了原位测试。最后，在500-1000 m深度，在较好的条件下，短时间（<3 min）内成功采集到10-20个鱿鱼、刺胞动物和甲壳动物活体标本。非常脆弱的凝胶状浮游生物和甲壳类动物也收集了结合使用闸阀采样器。

项目成果

Toyokawa,M.: "Cnidarians and ctenophores observed from the manned submersible Shinkai 2000 in the midwater of Sagami Bay,Pacific coast of Japan" Plankton Biology and Ecology. 45・1. 61-74 (1998)

Toyokawa, M.：“日本太平洋海岸相模湾中层水域的载人潜水器 Shinkai 2000 观察到的刺胞动物和栉水母”，浮游生物与生态学 45・1（1998）。

Toyokawa, M.: "Cnidarians and ctenophores observed from the manned submersible Shinkai 2000 in the midwater of Sagami Bay, Pacific coast of Japan." Plankton Biology and Ecology.Vol.45. 61-74 (1998)

Toyokawa, M.：“在日本太平洋海岸相模湾中层水域的载人潜水器 Shinkai 2000 上观察到的刺胞动物和栉水母。”