Distribution, Transport and Accumulation Processes of Anthropogenic Pollutants in Oceanic and Deep-sea Ecosystems

海洋和深海生态系统中人为污染物的分布、迁移和积累过程

基本信息

批准号：
16380217
负责人：
NISHIDA Shuhei
金额：
$ 6.46万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16380217/
关键词：
deep-sea ecosystem food web pollutants trophic level trace metals stable-isotope ratio Sagami Bay Sulu Sea 安定同位対比有機スズ化合物有機塩素化合物脂肪酸組成

项目摘要

To assess the present status of the impact of anthropogenic pollutants on deep-sea ecosystems, investigations were made in the marginal seas of Southeast Asia, the equatorial Pacific, and Sagami Bay, central Japan, and levels of pollutants were analyzed for various ecosystem components, including pelagic- and benthic organisms, marine snow, and bottom sediments with special reference to the ecological properties of the organisms, such as their vertical distributions and trophic levels. The analysis of organotin compunds, organochlorines and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the Sulu Sea revealed, for the first time, that these compounds are accumulated in the deep-sea animals in the area, while their levels are lower than in the other, more northern areas of the western Pacific. In Sagami Bay, organotin compounds were detected from all deep-sea animals that were analyzed, including mesopelagic micronekton, benthic invertebrates and demersal fishes. The analysis of trace elements and stable-isotope ratios indicated positive correlations of of δ^<15>N with such elements as Hg, Sn, Cs, but negative correlations with others such as Cu, Mo, Ba, indicating different trends of accumulation between organisms of different taxonomic positions and with different physiological/ecological properties. Concurrent investigations on the vertical structure of pelagic assemblages suggested importance of herbivorous copepods, the copepods that feed on marine snow, and fish- and decapod micronekton that perform marked diel vertical migration in the active transport of the pollutants. An analysis of stable-isotope ratios suggested another pathway by which pollutants adsorbed on marine snow derived from surface phytoplankton quickly sink to the bottom to be incorporated into the benthic communities.

为了评估人类学污染物对深海生态系统影响的现状，对东南亚的边际海洋，赤道太平洋和日本中部的萨加米湾的边际海洋进行了研究，并分析了各种生态系统成分的污染物，包括pelagic-和pelagic-and to to to pelagic-and to to the to the Exents，Marin和Marine Snow，Marine Snow，Marine Snow，以及Marine Snow，Marine Snow，Marine Snow，Marine Snow，Marine Snow，Marine Snowssism and Snow，Marine Snow，以及构成的构成。有机体，例如它们的垂直分布和营养水平。有机蛋白组合，有机蛋白共，有机氯和多溴的二苯基醚的分析首次表明，这些化合物在该地区的深海上动物中积累，而它们的水平低于西部太平洋北部地区的其他更北部地区。在萨加米湾（Sagami Bay），从分析的所有深海动物中检测到有机素化合物，包括中质微酮，底栖无脊椎动物和塞氏鱼类。痕量元件和稳定异位比率的分析表明δ^<15> n与Hg，sn，cs等元素的正相关性与诸如Cu，Mo，Ba之类的其他元素，但表明不同分类位置和不同物理/生态特性的生物体之间积累的不同趋势。同时对层膜组合的垂直结构进行研究表明，食草虫的copods，以海洋雪为食的copepods以及在污染物的主动运输中执行明显垂直迁移的鱼类和decapod micronekton。对稳定异位比率的分析表明，另一种途径，该途径通过该途径吸附在从表面浮游植物中衍生而来的污染物，迅速将其沉入底部以掺入底栖群落中。