Fundamental study on microparticle tephra

微粒火山灰的基础研究

• 批准号: 09640550
• 负责人: ENDO Kunihiko
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09640550/
• 关键词: Tephra; Major element composition; Antarctica; Microtephra; Widespread tephra; Pinatubo eruption; Tambora eruption; TL single grain method; 微量成分元素組成; 微少テフラ; 微粒テフラ; 火山灰; テフロクロノロジー; 化学分析; 微量元素組成

Usually tephras are decreasing in grain size and thickness from the source to distal area. In the more distal area, only microparticle tephras are scattered in the soil, peat, snow, and ice. In this study, microparticles in 20 to 5 μm included in Antarctic surface snow and ice core, and in 100 to 20 μm in Japanese soils were investigated through analyses of shape, size, and chemical properties.Colorless microparticles from surface snow near Dome F in Antarctica, include tephra grains similar to two types of pumice samples from the Pinatubo 1991 eruption. Colorless microparticles rich in the peak of aerozol signal of H15 ice core near Showa Station, Antarctica, are identified to be volcanic glass shards from the Tambora 1815 eruption.In the Usu volcano 2000 eruption, generation and dispersion of fine tephras were investigated based on the distribution and grain size from the proximal area to distal area.On the age determination for tephras, single grain method using Thermoluminescence dating were tried for quartz grains included in Chichibuyama pyroclastic surge deposit, Kozushima. The result is consistent with the ages by radiocarbon dating method.

通常火山岩的粒度和厚度从源区到远区逐渐减小。在更远的区域，只有微粒火山岩分散在土壤、泥炭、雪和冰中。本研究对南极表层雪和冰芯中20 ~ 5 μm的微粒以及日本土壤中100 ~ 20 μm的微粒进行了形态、大小和化学性质的分析。南极冰穹F附近表层雪中的无色微粒包括火山灰颗粒，与1991年皮纳图博火山喷发的两种浮石样品相似。南极昭和站附近H15冰芯中富含气溶胶峰的无色微粒被鉴定为Tambora 1815火山喷发的火山玻璃碎片。根据近端到远端的分布和粒度，研究了乌苏火山2000年喷发中细火山碎屑的生成和分散。在火山碎屑的年龄测定方面，根据火山碎屑的年龄，分析了火山碎屑的形成机制。本文对小津岛秩父山火山碎屑涌存款中石英颗粒进行了单颗粒热释光测年试验。结果与放射性碳测年结果一致。

项目成果

林伸幸,福岡孝昭,河野美香,遠藤邦彦,藤井理行: "南極H15コア中にテフラ微粒子"日本第四紀学会講演要旨集. 28. 184-185 (1998)

Nobuyuki Hayashi、Takaaki Fukuoka、Mika Kono、Kunihiko Endo、Rio Fujii：“南极 H15 核心中的 Tephra 颗粒”日本第四纪学会论文集 28. 184-185 (1998)。

遠藤邦彦: "地球環境変動の速さ"水環境と人間,日本大学総合科学研究所. 1-8 (1998)

远藤邦彦：《全球环境变化的速度》水环境与人类，日本大学科学技术研究所1-8（1998）。

Miyaji, N., Yasui, M., Togashi, S., Endo, K.and Ukawa, M.: "Stratigraphy and petrological feature of the borehole Science and cores from Yoshiwara observation well, Fuji volcano"Report of the National Research Institute for Earth Disaster Prevention. 58.

Miyaji, N.、Yasui, M.、Togashi, S.、Endo, K. 和 Ukawa, M.：“富士火山吉原观测井井眼科学和岩心的地层学和岩石学特征”国家研究所报告

遠藤邦彦: "地球環境変動の速さ" 水環境と人間,日本大学総合科学研究所. 1-8 (1998)

远藤邦彦：《全球环境变化的速度》水环境与人类，日本大学科学技术研究所1-8（1998）。

Kanemaaki, M., Yamagata, R., and Endo, K.: "TL dating for pyroclastics by single grain method"Chikyu Monthly. 22, (10). 681-686 (2000)

Kanemaaki, M.、Yamagata, R. 和 Endo, K.：“用单粒法进行火山碎屑的 TL 测年”地球月刊。