Space-time distribution of near field seismic ground motions

近场地震动时空分布

• 批准号: 09650528
• 负责人: KIYONO Junji
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09650528/
• 关键词: Earthquakes; Fault; Spatial Distribution; UD Component; Stress Drop; Impulsive Wave; Acceleration; Nonlinearity; 震源域; 地震動; FEM; 時空間分布; パルス源; 衝撃的地震動; 大都市直下; 時空分布; 不整形地盤; 地盤震動; 内陸地震

We here investigated near field ground motion induced by inland active faults. As the spatial distribution of earthquake ground motion near the fault is affected by the fault rupture mechanisms, FEM fault model is used to simulate near field ground motion. The fault model is two dimensional inverse fault. The possibility of existence of impulsive ground motion near the fault is also checked by using the FEM simulation. The descriptions of old manuscripts about the impulsive motions are collected and damage by the impulsive motions in 1995 Kobe earthquake is investigated. The results obtained by the study are as follows.(1) There are many evidences that the structures are destroyed by the impulsive waves in Kobe earthquake.(2) There are many descriptions that support the existence of the impulsive waves.(3) The fault parameters such as stress drop and critical displacement have a strong effect to the acceleration amplitude of the up-down component.(4) The large amplitude of the up-down component occurs by the rapid stop of the rupture.(5) The nonlinear effect of the surrounded soil of the fault sometimes amplifies the amplitude of the surface ground motion.(6) In case that the S-wave velocity of the surface layer is smaller, long duration pulse is appeared.(7) Even if the seismic wave contains large amplitude, high-frequency components, the components can not be recorded by the servo-type accelerograph.

本文研究了由内陆活动断层引起的近场地震动。由于断层附近地震动的空间分布受断层破裂机制的影响，因此采用有限元断层模型来模拟近场地震动。断层模型为二维逆断层。通过有限元模拟，验证了断层附近存在脉冲地震动的可能性。收集了有关地震冲击的旧文献，并对1995年科比地震中地震冲击的破坏情况进行了调查。研究结果如下。(1)在科比地震中，有大量的证据表明结构物在冲击波作用下发生了破坏。(2)有许多描述支持脉冲波的存在。(3)断层参数如应力降、临界位移等对上下分量加速度幅值有较大影响。(4)大振幅的上下分量发生在破裂的快速停止。(5)断层周围土体的非线性效应有时会放大地表地震动的幅值。(6)当表层横波速度较小时，出现长脉冲; (7)即使地震波中含有振幅大、频率高的分量，伺服式加速度计也无法记录。

项目成果

Junji KIYONO: "An Overview of Earthquake Damage Estimation Systems in Recent Japan"Proc. Of 2ィイD1ndィエD1 Japan-Turkey Workshop on Earthq. Disas. Prev. Res. In Turkey. (1998)

Junji KIYONO：“近代日本地震损失估计系统概述”Proc。

Kiyono,J: "Estimation of Spatial Distribution of Ground Deformation Just after Earthquake"Proc.of the 7th KAIST-NTU-KU Trilateral Seminor/Workshop. 251-256 (1997)

Kiyono,J：“地震后地面变形空间分布的估计”Proc. of the 7th KAIST-NTU-KU Triside Seminar/Workshop。

Kiyono, J.: "Estimation of Spatial Distribution of Ground Deformation Just after Earthquakes"Proc. Of 7th KAIST-NTU-KU Tri-lateral Seminar/Workshop on Civil Engineering. 251-256 (1997)

Kiyono, J.：“地震后地面变形空间分布的估计”Proc。

Kiyono, J.: "Jumping phenomena of rigid body during earthquake"Proc. Of the 10ィイD1thィエD1 Japan Earthquake Engineering Symposium. (in Japanese). 625-630 (1998)

Kiyono, J.：“地震期间刚体的跳跃现象”，第 10 届日本地震工程研讨会论文集（日语）625-630（1998 年）。

清野純史: "剛体の転倒・跳躍運動について"第10回日本地震工学シンポジウム論文集. 625-630 (1998)

Junji Seino：“论刚体的下落和跳跃运动”第10届日本地震工程学会论文集625-630（1998）。