Gas reactor for in situ studies of photocatalysis and energy conversion processes

用于光催化和能量转换过程原位研究的气体反应器

• 批准号: 519099854
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Major Research Instrumentation
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2022-12-31 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/519099854?language=en
• 关键词: Gas; reactor; situ; studies; photocatalysis

The consequences of global warming threaten our daily lives today. Innovative solutions to reduce climate-harming industrial and exhaust gases such as CO2 and CH4 must be found. At the same time, one of the main problems in implementing the energy transition must be solved as quickly as possible: the inability to store renewable energy. A promising approach to solve both issues is the conversion of industrial and waste gases (CO2, CH4, H2, CO) by means of regenerative energy into valuable and transportable fuels (energy-rich hydrocarbons such as methanol CH3OH, ethanol C2H5OH). However, the purely thermal or electrical supply of activation energy does not usually lead to the desired reaction pathways. A promising solution is to additionally control the processes with light or with light and catalysts (photocatalysts). However, at present the fundamental interrelationships of the complex reactions are not yet sufficiently understood and further research is needed.The infrastructure applied for will create the innovative possibility to use Raman spectroscopy established at the IAP (AG Nolte/Ackermann), in particular fs-CARS, to solve open questions in photocatalysis. CARS measurements allow in situ, with high dynamics and spatial resolution, to determine the temperature and concentration of the gases involved simultaneously and thus promise extreme advantages in the detailed study of the intermediate steps in the complex conversion reactions. Therefore, an appropriately adapted gas reactor is to be obtained at the IAP, which, in addition to the measurement of the Raman signal under the actual process conditions (in operando), will simultaneously allow flexible options for the light excitation of different photocatalysts and the gas mixtures.For the quantitative evaluation of the results also in the international comparison it is necessary to extend the equipment, by a standard measuring method for the determination of gas concentrations and conversion rates. The setup is therefore to be equipped with a gas chromatograph in order to determine reaction products with the highest precision.With the aid of the gravitational balance applied for, the sorption of the reaction gases on the photocatalysts can be determined, which is necessary for the comprehensive, quantitative characterization of the substances involved.In particular, the following topics will be addressed:- Development of in situ fs-CARS spectroscopy to study photocatalytic reaction processes.- Chromatographic investigation of these processes as a function of the properties of the excitation light (wavelength, pulse length, pulse frequency, intensity, ...)- Development, fabrication and optimization of highly efficient photocatalysts with controllable selectivity- Simulation of gas-phase based photocatalysis reactions based on the improved data base for mechanistic investigation and optimization of the processes.

全球变暖的后果威胁着我们今天的日常生活。必须找到创新的解决方案，减少二氧化碳和甲烷等对气候有害的工业气体和废气，同时必须尽快解决能源转型的主要问题之一：无法储存可再生能源。解决这两个问题的一个有前途的方法是通过可再生能源将工业和废气（CO2，CH 4，H2，CO）转化为有价值的和可运输的燃料（富含能量的碳氢化合物，如甲醇CH 3OH，乙醇C2 H5 OH）。然而，活化能的纯热或电供应通常不会导致期望的反应途径。一种有前景的解决方案是用光或用光和催化剂（光催化剂）来额外控制该过程。然而，目前复杂反应的基本相互关系尚未得到充分理解，需要进一步的研究。所申请的基础设施将为使用IAP（AG Nolte/Ackermann）建立的拉曼光谱，特别是fs-CARS，解决拉曼光谱中的未决问题创造创新的可能性。汽车测量允许在原位，具有高的动态和空间分辨率，以确定温度和浓度的气体同时参与，从而保证极端的优势，在复杂的转化反应的中间步骤的详细研究。因此，除了在实际工艺条件下测量拉曼信号之外，还需要在IAP获得适当调整的气体反应器（在操作中），将同时允许用于不同光催化剂和气体混合物的光激发的灵活选择。为了在国际比较中对结果进行定量评估，有必要扩展设备，通过标准测量方法测定气体浓度和转化率。因此，该装置应配备气相色谱仪，以便以最高的精度测定反应产物。借助重力天平，可以测定反应气体在光催化剂上的吸附，这对于所涉及物质的全面定量表征是必要的。特别是，将讨论以下主题：- 开发原位fs-CARS光谱，研究光催化反应过程。作为激发光的性质（波长、脉冲长度、脉冲频率、强度等）的函数的这些过程的色谱研究-具有可控选择性的高效光催化剂的开发、制造和优化-基于改进的数据库的气相光催化反应的模拟，用于过程的机理研究和优化。