Formation of RNA and Proteins by High-Pressure Torsion: An Insight into the Origin of Life

高压扭转形成 RNA 和蛋白质：洞察生命起源

• 批准号: 22K18737
• 负责人: エダラテイ カベー
• 金额: $ 4.16万
• 依托单位: Kyushu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2022-06-30 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-22K18737/
• 关键词: Origin of Life; High-Pressure Torsion; Protein; Amino Acids; RNA

The high-pressure torsion method was applied to three amino acids (glycine, glutamic acid, and serine). All these amino acids were already detected in different meteorites. At the first step of the experiments, only pure forms of these amino acids were selected. The materials after processing by high-pressure torsion were examined by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance to find a piece of evidence for their polymerization. The most important finding was the formation of ethanol from glycine, while the crystal structures of three selected amino acids were significantly destroyed. The experiments were also conducted under different temperatures (300 K and 423 K) and pressures (1, 2 and 6 GPa) and it was found that enhancement of pressure and temperature can accelerate the structural changes. Although no evidence for the polymerization of amino acids and the formation of protein was achieved in the first step of experiments, these experiments confirmed that some additives which were present in the early Earth conditions should be mixed with the materials to examine the formation of polymers. Moreover, the amino acids were examined n dry conditions, but water is an important additive that needs to be considered in coming experiments.

采用高压扭转法对甘氨酸、谷氨酸和丝氨酸三种氨基酸进行了分析。所有这些氨基酸都已经在不同的陨石中检测到。在实验的第一步，只选择了这些氨基酸的纯形式。对经高压扭转处理后的材料进行x射线衍射、拉曼光谱和核磁共振检测，寻找其聚合的证据。最重要的发现是由甘氨酸形成乙醇，而三种选定的氨基酸的晶体结构被显著破坏。在不同温度（300 K和423 K）和压力（1、2和6 GPa）下进行了实验，发现压力和温度的提高可以加速结构的变化。虽然在实验的第一步中没有获得氨基酸聚合和蛋白质形成的证据，但这些实验证实，在早期地球条件下存在的一些添加剂应该与材料混合，以检查聚合物的形成。此外，氨基酸是在干燥条件下检测的，但在接下来的实验中，水是一个需要考虑的重要添加剂。

项目成果

The University of Unicamp(ブラジル)

Unicamp大学（巴西）

Press release in an Brazilian TV program

巴西电视节目新闻稿

Application of high-pressure torsion to amino acids as essential molecules for life

高压扭转对氨基酸作为生命必需分子的应用

• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: K. Edalati;I. Taniguchi;R. Floriano;A. Ducati Luchessi
• 通讯作者: A. Ducati Luchessi

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High-pressure torsion and the origin of life

高压扭转与生命起源

• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: K. Edalati;I. Taniguchi;R. Floriano;A. Ducati Luchessi
• 通讯作者: A. Ducati Luchessi