Between Planning and Lived Practice: Children and Youth in the Residential Open Space of New Urban Expansion Projects

虽然自20世纪60年代以来的规划努力更多地以使用者的需求为导向，但休憩空间的规划和实际使用往往存在很大差异。在这个子项目中，以儿童和青少年为重点调查了郊区居住空地的使用和挪用情况。其目标是将开放空间的实际做法与这些社区的规划意图进行对比。我们发现，针对郊区社区的研究存在差距，特别是在7至13岁的“大孩子”或“青少年”这一焦点群体方面。他们还不够机动性，不能离开自己的社区去寻找市中心的公共空间，但他们已经足够机动性，可以独立离开紧邻父母的私人环境--住宅和私人花园，并占用居住环境。以20世纪90年代以来的郊区住房开发为例，我们将同时使用两种视角：(A)使用空间的“大孩子”或“青少年”的视角，以及(B)负责郊区社区规划、设计和建设的规划参与者的视角。将对这两种视角进行比较，以获得对规划的洞察，并有助于理解开放空间的空间构成、行为者以及规划的影响研究。关键的研究问题是：(视角A)我们可以描述儿童对开放空间的使用和侵占的类型，儿童自己对这些类型的看法如何？(B视角)我们记录的这些开放空间实践与规划者在空间中刻画的预期设计和使用之间有什么关系？从这两个角度来看，室外和室内空间之间的关系以及数字化和数字化做法的作用和重要性，以及限制使用的做法和这一流行病对开放空间设计造成的后果。该项目采用空间分析方法和实证社会研究方法(包括走访、焦点访谈、叙事地图)相结合的方法来回答这些研究问题。与战略规划方案6、8和9一起，将在项目开始时作出决定，在个案研究的框架内对定居区进行深入调查。为了将重点放在儿童用户群体上，将使用联合数据会议的形式与战略计划1、2、4、5、6、8和9进行非常密切的合作，并以不同的构成进行合作。

Although the effort of planning since the 1960s has been oriented more towards the needs of the users, the planned and actual use of open spaces often diverge greatly. In this subproject, the use and appropriation of residential open spaces in suburban neighborhoods is investigated by the focus on children and youth. The goal is to contrast actual practices in open space with planning intentions for these neighborhoods. We see a research gap for suburban neighborhoods specifically with respect to the focus group of "big kids" or "young teens" aged seven to thirteen years. They are not yet mobile enough to leave their own neighborhoods to seek out inner-city public spaces, but who are nevertheless already mobile enough to independently leave the immediate parental private environment of home and private garden and appropriate the residential environment. Using the example of suburban housing development since the 1990s, we will work with the juxtaposition of two perspectives: (A) the perspective of the "big kids" or "young teens" using the spaces and (B) the perspective of the planning actors responsible for the planning, design and construction of suburban neighborhoods. Both perspectives will be compared to gain insights for planning and to contribute to the understanding of the spatial constitution of open spaces the actors as well as the impact research of planning. Key research questions are: (Perspective A) What types of children's use and appropriation of open spaces can we describe and how are these perceived by children themselves? (Perspective B) What is the relationship of these open space practices documented by us of open spaces versus the intended design and use inscribed in space by planners? In both perspectives, the relationship between outdoor and indoor spaces and the role and importance of digital and digitalized practices as well as use-restricted practices and consequences for open space design caused by the pandemic. The project uses a combination of spatial analytic methods and empirical social research methods (including walk-throughs, focus interviews, narrative mapping) to answer these research questions. Together with SP 6, 8 and 9, a decision will be made at the beginning of the project to conduct an in-depth investigation of settlement areas within the framework of case studies. For the focus on the user group of children, the format of the joint data sessions will be used to cooperate very closely and in different compositions with SP 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 9.